78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 
of which were represented by several specimens. These plants, criti- 
cally determined by Andersson himself and distributed to the leading 
herbaria of various countries, have long furnished the chief reference 
specimens for the interesting vegetation they represent. In 1803 
Andersson published a detailed flora of the islands, and in 1857 he 
republished the same work in revised form and well illustrated. 
Since the appearance of these classical papers by Hooker and Anders- 
son, there has been no general revision of the Galapageian flora. The 
islands have been visited, however, and plants collected upon them, — 
in 1868-1869 by Dr. A. Habel, in 1871 by the Hassler Expedition 
under the direction of Professor Louis Agassiz, in 1875 by*Dr. Theodor 
Wolf, in 1884 by Lieutenants Chierchia and Marcacci, in 1888 by 
Professor Leslie A. Lee, in 1891 by Mr. Alexander Agassiz, also by the 
late Dr. Georg Baur and his assistant, Mr. C. F. Adams, and finally 
by Messrs. Robert E. Snodgrass and Edmund Heller of the Hopkins- 
Stanford Expedition. Not only have these collectors secured much 
additional material from the five larger islands, visited by Darwin and 
Andersson, but many specimens are now at hand, chiefly through the 
efforts of Dr. Baur and Messrs. Snodgrass and Heller, to illustrate the 
florulae of no less than twelve of the smaller islands, of which nearly all 
include new and peculiar species or forms. Furthermore, since the appeal- 
ance of Andersson’s works there have been many scattered notes, in 
monographic treatments of families and genera, throwing new light upon 
the identity, affinities, and nomenclature of Galapageian plants. It has 
therefore seemed desirable during the study of the rich botanical collec- 
tions secured by the Hopkins-Stanford Expedition and referred by the 
Zoilogical Department of Stanford University to the Gray Herbarium 
for examination, to undertake a general recension of the flora of hate 
Galapagos Islands, and to bring together its now more extensive bibliog- 
raphy, synonymy, and records of distribution. This has appeared the 
more worth while because some of the species regarded as new in the 
earlier treatments of the flora have dropped into synonymy and others for- 
merly supposed peculiar to the islands are now known to occur in other 
regions ; so that without a comprehensive revision it would be well nigh 
impossible to draw any statistical summary or show (1) in how far the 
vegetation of the archipelago is really peculiar, (2) to what other floras 
it is most nearly related, and (3) the complicated affinities existing between 
the florulae of the different islands. Finally, to these incentives there 
has been added a wish to derive, if possible, new light upon the origin of 
the islands themselves. 
