= 
FLORA OF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. 247 
CuLPEPPER ISLAND. 
Culpepper is a small barren islet, the most northern member of the 
archipelago. It is remote from all the other islands except the similar 
islet, Wenman. Culpepper rises precipitously from the sea, and attains 
an altitude of only 169 m. It has been visited for botanical purposes 
only by Messrs, Snodgrass and Heller, on December 10th, 1898. They 
report that the main part of the island is inaccessible. It is a gently 
rounded plateau falling off abruptly on all sides. Observed from below, 
it was seen to be covered with a fairly dense growth of vegetation, includ- 
ing Croton bushes and Opuntia thickets. Only 4 plants were secured, 
and these were gathered on a short strip of talus at the base of the cliffs, 
on the leeward side of the island. They were Telanthera Helleri (the 
most abundant species seen), a sterile and indeterminate Zribulus, Croton 
Scouleri, var. brevifolius, and Thinogeton Miersii. With the probable 
exception of the Ziribulus, all these are confined to the Galapagos Islands, 
and the Telanthera is a marked new species, which in its typical form has 
been found ouly upon Culpepper, although a form of the same plant was 
also collected on Wenman. 
Duncan ISLAND. 
Duncan is a small low circular island, between Indefatigable and Albe- 
marle. Plants have been collected upon it by Mr. Alexander Agassiz 
early in April, 1891; Dr. Baur, 2 August, 1891; and Messrs. Snodgrass 
and Heller, 5 May, 1899. Altogether 51 different species have been 
Secured upon the island; of these, 5 are peculiar to it, namely: Castela 
Galapageia, forma duncanensis, Verbena grisea, Borreria galapageia, 
Scalesia Baurti, and its var. glabrata. About half the flora of Dun- 
can is exclusively Galapageian. The Opuntia on this island is said to be 
Scattered and of large size, growing upon the rim of the crater. Rhizo- 
Phora Mangle occurs in a small swamp upon the west coast. It is another 
of the unaccountable anomalies in the florulae of these islands that the 
Common element between Duncan and Charles or Chatham is greater 
than between Duncan and the nearer islands of Albemarle, Indefatigable, 
and James. 
GARDNER ISLAND. 
Gardner is a very small steep-shored island about 1 km. in length, and - 
only 8 km. east of Charles Island. It attains an altitude of 240m. It 
Was visited by Dr. Baur in July, 1891, and by Messrs. Snodgrass and 
