History of British Entomostraca. 313 



current of water, carrying along with it the particles destined for 

 the insect's food. Immediately beneath the hands are situated the 

 first pair of feet. They are double, consisting of two stalks arising 

 from a common base, each stalk consisting generally of from two to 

 four articulations, more or less furnished with setae, but varying 

 very much in different species, especially the marine ones. Attach- 

 ed to the next three segments of the body, and arising from the in- 

 terstices between each, we find three other pairs of double feet, in 

 general resembling each other exactly. These feet act as true fins, 

 and as they are not at all used by the insect for walking, the term 

 feet is not so correct as that oifns. In the tail we find placed the 

 organs of generation and their appendages. In the first segment, 

 we observe in the female two organs, which differ in appearance in 

 each species, and which, as their use is to give support to the ovi- 

 ducts which furnish the envelope of the external ovaries, are called 

 by Jurine, " les supports, ou fulcra." At the junction of the second 

 ring with the third in the same sex, in the C. quadricornis , is situ- 

 ate the vulva ; this opening forms also the mouth of the canalis de- 

 ferens, which communicates directly with the internal ovary, and 

 gives passage to the eggs. In the male of this species, we find the 

 genital organs situated also in the second segment of the tail, con- 

 sisting of an oval body or papilla, which gives origin to a prolonga- 

 tion of three short segments. In most of the other species the male 

 organs appear to be situated in the corresponding segment to that 

 in the female, which carries the " fulcra," or " supports," The ex- 

 ternal ovary, or bag of eggs, springs from where the second segment 

 articulates with the third, and is attached to it by a very slen- 

 der pedicle. The internal ovaries consist of an opaque mass of solid- 

 looking matter, composed of numerous round globules of a dark brown 

 colour, disposed round the alimentary canal, and occupying a consi- 

 derable space of the interior of the body. This, as I have already 

 stated, has a direct communication with the opening at the junction 

 of the second with thethird segment of thetail, the canalis deferensoi 

 Jurine; and it is through this canal that the eggs pass into the external 

 ovary. The alimentary canal is very perceptible, beginning behind 

 at the place which I have mentioned as the situation of the lips, 

 and terminating at the extremity of the tail. In the C. Castor the 

 heart is very distinctly to be seen under the second and third segment 

 of the body. It is oval, and gives origin to two vessels of equal 

 size, one going to the head, and the other to the tail, and has another 

 organ attached to it, which Jurine considers the auricle. The pul- 

 sations of the heart are very frequent, from 1 1 2 to 120 in the minute. 



