316 Geological Society : — 



occur in the Skiddaw Slates, and in one case a diabase dyke (much 

 decomposed) was met with. It is similar in character to a rock 

 exposed about \ mile west of Troutbeck. 



The author describes the drifts as blue clay beneath, and brown 

 clay above, and considers that these two clays were produced during 

 two separate periods of glaciation, with no long interval between. 

 In some places near Keswick water-borne gravel may be seen 

 surmounted by blue clay ; this gravel is considered by the author 

 to be of fluviatile origin. A section at Keswick Station is described ; 

 it is 130 yards in length, with a slight break in it, 50 yards of the 

 western end being cut back 9 feet to the north. At the point 

 where the break occurs, and for 17 yards eastward, some beds of 

 current-borne materials take the place of the lower part of the blue 

 clay. There is a bed of a very fine brown sediment 1 foot thick ; 

 above it is 2 feet of fine sand, and above that a bed of coarse gravel 

 and pebbles, which is succeeded by blue clay of the usual type. 

 The whole of these beds dip south-west, at an angle of about 9°. 



The author has searched both blue and brown clays diligently 

 for shells, but hitherto without success, 



B. * The Shelly Clays and Gravels of Aberdeenshire considered in 

 Relation to the question of Submergence.' By Dugald Bell, Esq., 

 E.G.S. 



The drifts of this region have been described by Mr. Jamieson, 

 and also in the publications of the Geological Survey. The two 

 authorities agree that the Lower (grey) Boulder Clay of the district 

 was produced by a local glaciation. The Geological Surveyors, 

 however, maintain that the intervening sands and gravels with 

 marine shells were produced during a submergence of 500 feet or 

 upwards, whilst the Upper (red) Boulder Clay was formed by an 

 ice-sheet from the south. Mr. Jamieson, on the other hand, assigns 

 a purely glacial origin to the Middle Sands and Gravels, and con- 

 siders that the Bed Clay (which contains a few fragments of marine 

 shells) indicates a submergence. 



The author discusses these views, and maintains that submer- 

 gence is not proved in the case of either Middle Gravels or Bed Clay, 

 but that the former are, as Mr. Jamieson maintained, truly glacial, 

 whilst he advocates the existence of extra-morainic lakes to explain 

 the latter. 



May 22nd.— Dr. Henry Woodward, F.B.S., President, 

 in the Chair. 



The following communications were read : — 



1. ' On a Human Skull and Limb-bones found in the Palaeolithic 

 Terrace-Gravels at Galley Hill, Kent.' By E. T. Newton, Esq., 

 F.lt.S., F.G.S. 



