ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL BOTANIC GAUD-EN. 79 



laxly as these exhibits carry instruction in the beautification of home grounds. 

 Developed flower gardens, as such, are generally located separately from the 

 botanic garden plantations, for in them esthetic considerations are predominant. 

 A comprehensive system of paths is essential because botanic gardens often- 

 times become overcrowded on pleasant days in the spring. While many people 

 keep to the patbs, it is undesirable in large gardens to actually restrict visitors 

 to the paths, for if this is clone they would only come in contact with a relatively 

 small number of plants unless the path system was developed wholly out of 

 keeping with the size of the garden. The indirect relation of botanic gardens to 

 the public lies in their function of adding to the knowledge of plants and plant 

 products and the diffusion of this knowledge by publication and otherwise. 

 This feature is contributed by laboratories, herbaria, and the library, and 

 through annual reports and pamphlets. 



THE DATES OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SOME BOTANIC GARDENS IN EUROPE. 

 [From Oxford Gardens, 1912.] 



1309. Salerno. The Medical Garden of Mathaeus Sylvaticus. 



1333. Venice. A Medical Garden. 



1533. Padua. The First Botanic Garden. 



1511. Pisa. Founded by Cosmo de Medici. 



1577. Leyden. 



Montpelier, Breslau, and Heidelberg, established before 1600. 



1597. Paris. Established to supply the bouquets worn at court, 

 but known after 1635 as the Garden of Plants. 



1621. Oxford. The oldest in England. Started with an area of 

 five acres. 



1677. Chelsea. 



1680. Edinburgh. 



1760. Kew. 



AREA OF SOME BOTANIC GARDENS OF THE WORLD, 1917. 



Acres. 



Adelaide. South Australia 40 



Brisbane. Queensland* Australia 40 



Melbourne. Victoria 97 



Sidney, New South Wales 44 



Ballarat. Victoria 83 



Buenos Aires 20 



Brussels 10 



Rio de Janeiro 2,000 



Montreal — 75 



Nuwera Eliya and Hakgala 550 



Ceylon 



Hongkong — 20 



Paris, France , 75 



The Royal Society Botanic Garden . 18 



Kew. London, England 288 



Gardens at home and abroad in correspondence with Kew are 111 in 

 number. 



Dublin, Ireland 40 



Glasgow, Scotland — 40 



Edinburgh, Scotland 58 



Lahore, India 169 



Lucknow 40 



Calcutta 272 



Jeypore, India 70 



Saharunpur 200 



Buitenzorg, Java, 200; 90; 50 340 



South African Botanic Garden 400 



Singapore 66 



Penang, India — 55 



