EXCAVATIONS. 39 



olla and mortar, the mouths northward. On removing the skeleton, which was lying 

 on its back, the hones fell to pieces. In the canoe, alongside of the skeleton, were 3 

 pestles, 2 pipes, an iron knife or dagger blade that had been wrapped in seal-skin or 

 fur, and a stone implement of triangular form and about 6 inches in length, probably 

 used as a file, or perhaps for boring out pipes. This skeleton was probably that of a 

 chief, or a noted hunter or fisherman. 



June 26. — Trench No. 2 was abandoned and work resumed in No. 1, which yielded 

 several crania in bad condition. Near a whale-rib, standing on end, was an empty 

 broken olla, and not far off a skeleton on its right side, legs drawn up, nead facing west. 

 On its right-hand side, near by, was a small highly -polished serpentine cup and a small 

 mortar and pestle. After excavating awhile and finding nothing but broken bones, dig- 

 ging here was discontinued and an excavation commenced ten feet to the northward 

 and near the edge of the cliff', but after going down 5 feet through kitchen refuse, ashes, 

 bones, shells, it was filled up and work resumed at the second trench. Several hours' 

 digging resulted in finding nothing, but finally the "lead" was once more struck. The 

 first discovery was a skeleton, which, from the appearance of the pelvic bones, was 

 that of a female, and near which were great quantities of beads, shell ornaments, 

 and seeds. It was here we first encountered what at first sight appeared to be dried 

 cloves, but which on closer examination proved to be ornaments of asphaltum, hollow 

 in the center, and in some instances having at one end a small piece of dried grass or 

 fiber by means of which doubtless they were fashioned into necklaces. Some abalone 

 shells were also found, in close proximity to which were the bones of a child. Another 

 mortar was discovered, containing some bones in bad condition. 



June 27. — Being Sunday, operations were suspended until the next day. 



June 28. — Work was resumed at trench No. 1, but for 6 or 8 feet nothing was met 

 with save isolated bones. Digging to the southward, however, a skeleton was found 

 with top of head to the northward, the position of which was nearly face downward. 

 On its removal we found beneath it a large mortar, cavity down, slightly tipped, and 

 facing west. In another direction, to the eastward, was a large sandstone mortar facing- 

 north, and beneath it a skull in good condition, while near by was a small olla contain- 

 ing ornaments of shell, beads, seeds, and paint. Deeper down, still another small olla 

 was revealed, filled with the black seeds, and near it a small pestle. A number of crania 

 and bones were also found, but all in bad condition. One of them, however, was par- 

 tic idarly interesting from the fact of two arrowpoints, one of a porphyritic stone, the 

 other of obsidian, being imbedded in the outer table of the skull.* From the position 

 of the arrows it was inferred that the wounds were received by the person while lying- 

 down. Digging iu a northerly direction in this trench, 8 or 10 more skeletons, all 

 huddled together, were exhumed, also 2 small pestles, 2 mortars, and some abalone 

 shells containing ornaments. In one of the larger of these shells were the head-bones 

 of a young child, and near it two polished serpentine dishes, containing some of the 

 clove-like asphaltum before alluded to. A broken dish had been neatly mended with 

 asphaltum and probably sinew, as drilled holes were found in both pieces. Not far 

 from these cups was found a leather (?) pouch curiously ornamented on the outside 

 with circles of shell-discs.t 



* Since this was written Mr. Bowers has reported the finding of skulls with arrowpoints imbedded 

 in the parietal and temporal hones. 



t Since ascertained to he the hilt of a native sword. 



