SOUTHERN CALIFORNIANS. 13 



changes, at the opening of the present geological period, to which the coast 

 was subject. It is more than probable, however, that the development 

 noticed is not simply one of original growth, but rather that of successive 

 inroads of more advanced tribes from various directions. 



The Malay characteristics noticed by Dr. Pickering among the Indians 

 of the Sacramento indicate, with other known facts (upon which fair theories 

 have been founded), especially that of the early migration of the Malay 

 race after that branch of the original stock had come to be Malavs, that an 

 impress was left on the Californians by a migration, perhaps accidental or 

 forced, from one of the early Malayan centres. 



It may be said that if the Malays and the Californians are of the same 

 post-pliocene stock, this resemblance would naturally follow without recourse 

 to a migration; but the fact, pointed out by Mr. Bancroft, that out of a vo- 

 cabulary of one hundred and seventy words of one of the Porno dialects 

 fifteen per cent, indicated Malay similarities,* cannot be accepted in that 

 light. 



Mr. Powers, as already stated, has traced a number of Chinese analogies 

 in the Californians which are worthy of consideration in connection with 

 the existing diversities and the very probable contact of that branch of the 

 original stock with the American branch, while the marked contrast pointed 

 out by several authors as existing between the tribes north and east of 

 California and those in the central portion, and the development of what 

 may be called the "Tartar" element in the northeastern tribes, are indicative 

 of an early contact with a nomadic Asiatic stock 



As Mr. Morgan has pointed out the important part which the valley of 

 the Columbia has taken as the nursery of nations, it should be considered 



* Bancroft, Native Races of the Pacific States, vol. iii, p. 646. — If linguistic evidence is of any 

 value, and upon it is now based the present classification of our Indian tribes, it .seems proper to give 

 this instance indicating a Malayan contact, and those mentioned by Mr. Powers and Dr. Loew indicat- 

 ing a Chinese contact, their due weight, notwithstanding the following statement made on preceding 

 pages (pp. 559, 560) of the same volume by Mr. Bancroft: " It is not at all improbable that Malays, Chi- 

 nese, or Japanese, or all of them, did at some time appear in what is now North America in such 

 numbers as materially to influence language, but hitherto no Asiatic nor European tongue, excepting 

 always the Eskimo, has been found in America ; nor have affinities with any other language of the 

 world been discovered sufficiently marked to warrant the claim of relationship. Theorizers enough 

 there have ben, and will be for centuries to come; half-fledged scientists, ignorant of what others have 

 ■lour, or rather have failed to do, will not cease to bring forward wonderful conceptions, striking analo- 

 gies; will not cease to speculate linguistically, ethrxologically, cosmographically, and otherwise to their 

 own satisfaction and to the confusion of their readers." 



