FROM THE SANTA BARBARA ISLANDS. 289 



14249, from Santa Catalina, to .890,* Army Medical Museum, No. 1351, 

 from Santa Cruz. This is certainly a wide gap to be bridged over, and yet 

 so closely are these skulls connected with each other that if the space sep- 

 arating them be measured bv intervals of 10 each, there are skulls in the 

 Cambridge collection alone that will cover each one of the intervening 

 steps. Regarded from this point of view, it would be difficult, if not im- 

 possible, to di-aw any line of distinction between these crania, and say that 

 here one race ends and another begins; but if we proceed a step farther 

 and subdivide these skulls according to the islands from which they were 

 obtained, we shall find other factors entering into the calculation that can- 

 not be explained save on the hypothesis that different races occupied 'these 

 two groups of islands at the time represented by this collection. Take, 

 for instance, San Miguel of the northern group and Santa Catalina of the 

 southern — extreme cases, it is true, but all the better for my purpose. In 

 the collection from the former of these islands there are sixteen brachy- 

 cephalous and seventeen orthocephalous crania — not a single dolichoceph- 

 alous specimen among them; while in the latter there are thirty-one do- 

 lichocephali and eight orthocephali, but no brachycephali. Eliminating 

 the orthocephali as common to both, and we have in one case sixteen short 

 skulls against thirty- one that are long in the other. This condition of affairs 

 is not reconcilable with the theory of a difference in cranial forms among 

 people of the same race. If it were, then we ought to find on each of these 

 islands crania belonging to the opposite class ; i. e., among the dolichocephali 

 there ought to be some brachycephali, and vice versa. Especially would this 

 be the inference in view of the fact that on each of these islands we do find 

 orthocephalic skulls, a form that is supposed to have resulted from an ad- 

 mixture of the other two, and also because on Santa Cruz and the other 

 islands the three forms are found, but in different proportions. If, on the 

 other hand, it be admitted that a difference in the form of the head indi- 

 cates a difference in race, then the presence on these two islands of one 

 distinctive form of cranium to the exclusion of its opposite takes its place 

 at once as a fact in the natural order of events. So, also, in those cases in 



"There is one cranium with an index of .901 from the mainland; but I prefer to confine my fig- 

 ures to the collection from the islands. 



19 o i 



