THEIR INHABITANTS. 323 



Some of the Zuiii are very white, and seem to be a class by them- 

 selves. We found them at Ojo Caliente, a sort of summer resort for the 

 Zuni. I saw an albino at Oraibe, and also one at Jemez. 



The Moqui bury their dead upright, facing the east, in any convenient 

 place, and, I am told, with but little ceremony. The grave is closed by a 

 flat rock, and other stones are placed at the sides. A person not knowing 

 what these graves were would take them for feeding-places for sheep. 

 The grave-stones were not marked. The same kind of graves I saw near 

 Zuni. At Jemez there is a regular grave-yard, which is walled in, and the 

 graves have headboards — probably due to Spanish influence. 



The towns are generally of one or the other of two ground-plans. 

 The first being a single building, with one, two, or three sides, facing a plaza 

 inclosed by a wall. I believe it will be found that this manner of building 

 is used when the pueblos are in a plain without natural features of defense. 

 Such buildings are sometimes four stories in height, each story facing the 

 plaza, but falling back the width of the room below it. The Pueblo Pin- 

 tado probably had towers at the angles of the wall. At Tule Spring the 

 pueblo was a row of buildings facing the east and the spring. The second 

 class is laid out in streets, sometimes with a plaza, as at Jemez. The 

 present Pueblo of Jemez is built of adobe, while the houses of Old Jemez 

 are of stone. 



The Moqui towns were very irregular. The present Pueblo of Zuni 

 has the appearance of being built on a knoll, but the hill is really the dirt 

 of the town, and as it accumulates the houses are carried up a story. In 

 the court-yard of the ruin of Pueblo Pintado are large mounds from the 

 same cause, and if dug over much of interest might be found. Isleta is very 

 fine in appearance. It contains a large Catholic church, and the walls are 

 covered with a light cream-colored stucco, adding much to its appearance. 



I have never been able to find a fire-place in a ruined pueblo, and tins 

 may go to prove that the method of making a fire-place of adobe in the 

 corner of the room after the walls are built, in the present pueblos, is also 

 the old one. At the ruins of the Pueblo Pintado many of the windows are 

 so small that they appear to have been loop-holes for defense. 



In the inhabited pueblos sheets of mica are used in the windows as a 



