nsr new mexico. 339 



Cicuye, Querez, Cunames, seem to signify one and the same region be- 

 tween the Rio Jemez and Rio Grande. At present five pueblos still exist 

 here, but ruins of extinct towns are also seen near Silla and San Felipe. 

 Diego de Vargas also applies the name Querez to Acoma. 



Taos and Picuris. These two provinces are represented by two pueblos 

 at the present day. 



Tutahaco. Castanedo mentions (1542) eight cities of this province, the 

 position of which is southeast of Mount Taylor. At present there still exist 

 five pueblos, also several towns in ruins on the Rio San Jose", west of 

 Laguna. The Mexican town Cebolleta was probabl}* formerly an Indian 

 pueblo. Mr. G. Marmon, school teacher at Laguna, informed me that ruins 

 of a fortified place exist on the foot-hills of Mount Taylor near the pueblo 

 of Pojnate, or Povate. The name Tutahaco, used by the Spaniards for this 

 province, is not known there by the Indians, nor are the names Tiguex, 

 Cunames, and Cicuye. They call themselves Tse-rno-e" or Si-tsi-me" ; the 

 pueblo of Laguna, however, uses the name Kanayko to signify the inhabit- 

 ants of their town (Ko-ste'td), while the pueblo of Acoma is called A-ko. 

 I may mention here that there are two parties in this town (Laguna) the 

 Ka-paits, who cling to their old rites and ceremonies, and the Kayo-masho, 

 who have progressive, liberal, Protestant ideas. They are antagonistic to 

 each other, and would once have come together in battle had not Mr. Mar- 

 mon interfered at the right moment. The four other pueblos all belong to 

 the Ka-paits. 



Tiguex was a province in the valley of the Rio Puerco, northeast of the 

 former, and was twice used by Coronado's army (1540-1542) as winter- 

 quarters. At present, no pueblo exists in this region; ruins only — Pobla- 

 zon, for instance — are seen here and there. Castaneda reports twelve cities 

 in this province, and that it was rich and fertile, and full of fine grass. At 

 present the valley of the Rio Puerco looks, poor and barren. 



Tehua, or Tegua, is a province which, if the Spanish reports are correct, 

 must have been situated in the Rio Grande Valley, about eighty miles south 

 of the present seat of this tribe. A Tehua town, Puara, is often mentioned, 

 but of which nothing is known at the present day; some old ruins near San 

 Felipe might be related to it. There are still seven villages belonging to 



