NORTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO. 357 



remnants of stone buildings which extend for a length of 200 yards. The 

 greater part of them had been undermined, and the stones were lying- in 

 quantities on the talus at the time of my visit. At one end of the line the 

 bases of two rectangular walls, perhaps of towers, appeared to have been 

 placed as supports to the terrace. Very dry cedar posts occur among the 

 ruins, and three such, standing upright on the summit of the butte, mark a 

 spot as yet unaffected by the disintegration of the cliff. In another portion 

 of the ruins a row of large earthenware pots was found buried in the earth. 

 The slow movement of the marl-changes of level had already fractured 

 them. At another locality I took from a confused mass of ruins the tem- 

 poral bones of an adult person, the ilium of a child, ribs, and other bones. 

 At a remote portion of the ruins, on a remaining ledge, I found a square 

 inclosure formed of stones set on edge, three stones forming each half of 

 the inclosure. I excavated this for the depth of a foot without finding any 

 indication of its use. In some of these localities chips, arrow-heads, and 

 thin knives of chalcedony and white flint were found, with similar imple- 

 ments of obsidian. The obsidian knives are similar to those which I have 

 seen as commonly found in Mexico. 



At the head of the Canoncito de las Yeguas there are numerous low 

 hills of the Eocene marl, covered with pinon forests of adult trees. On a 

 low slope of one of these I found the burial place of one of the inhabitants, 

 as indicated by his bones and trinkets, doubtless buried with him. His 

 tibia was a marked example of the platycnemic type. Close to them were 

 some good quartz-crystals, of course intruders in such a formation, a piece 

 of chalchuitl, an apparently transported scaphite, some implements of obsi- 

 dian, flint, &c , and a single perfect lower molar of a large mammal of the 

 genus Bafhmodon, attached to a piece of the jaw, which looked as though 

 the ancient proprietor had not been ignorant of the peculiar products of the 

 neighboring bluffs. 



In traversing the high and dry Eocene plateau west of the bad-land 

 bluffs, I noticed the occurrence of pottery on the denuded hills for a dis- 

 tance of many miles. Some of these localities are fifteen and twenty miles 

 from the edge of the plateau, and at least twenty-five miles from the Galli- 



