418 WESTERN LANGUAGES CLASSIFIED. 



Que'res: it crosses the Rio Grande at San Domingo, a town formerly 

 called Ge-e-we (Simpson) ; the other pueblos on the western side of the 

 river being Santa Ana, formerly Tomiya ; Silla (Cia), in Indian: Tsea; 

 San Felipe, anciently Kalistcha ; and Cochiti. 



Sitsime" or Kawaiko is the name by which the inhabitants of the south- 

 western pueblos call themselves, viz. those of Moguino, Povuate, Hasatch, 

 Laguna, and Acoma. Acoma is the " rock pueblo," the Acuco of the 

 Spanish invaders in 1540-1543. Vocabulary No. 36 was taken at Acoma 

 by Mr. Francis Klett, while 0. Loew collected No. 37 at Laguna, collating 

 it afterwards with Acoma. 



THE WINTtJN STOCK. 



The Wintun race of Northern California was not visited in its own 

 domain by any party of the Expedition; one of the members, while passing 

 through the south of Colorado, happened to find a colony of Wintun settlers 

 at Huerfano Park, and, seizing the opportunity, took down some 220 words 

 of their vernacular. 



The Wintun and their congeners, the Patwin (both terms mean men), 

 hold the western part of Sacramento Valley from the river to the Coast 

 Range, and from Suisun Bay to Shasta City ; northwards from there they 

 extend over both sides of the Sacramento up to Mount Shasta, the Lower 

 Pit River Valley, and Upper Trinity River, and are also found on Feather 

 River. Of this extensive area the Patwin form the southern, the Wintun 

 the northern division according to Stephen Powers, to whom we are in- 

 debted for the first thorough ethnologic investigation of the Central Cali- 

 fornian Indians. Powers gives about twenty-five names of bands and 

 tribal subdivisions of the race, and supposes the Daupum Wintun or "Val- 

 ley Indians " on Cottonwood Creek to form the nucleus of the northern 

 division (Overland Monthly, June, 1874, pages 530-540.) 



The words of O. Loew's vocabulary, when compared with the other 

 Wintun dialects, show most affinit}?' with those of TeMuia and Trinity River, 

 and hence we may safety conclude that the colonists seen by him had come 

 from the northwestern abodes of the Wintun race. The language is sono- 

 rous, not unpleasant to the ear, lacking d, f, and th, but showing instead a 



