{jItfoGSnQim'iss iEartttrs. 95 



Juniper, which Cardanus faith is Cedar in hot Coun- 

 tries, and Juniper in cold Countries; it is hear very 

 dwarfifh and fhrubby, growing for the moil part by the 

 Sea fide. 1 



Willow? 



Spurge Lawrel, called here Poyfon berry, it kills the 

 EngliJJi Cattle if they chance to feed upon it, efpecially 

 Calves. 3 



Gatd, or noble Mirtle. 4 



Elder? 



Dwarf Elder? 



down and clear'd it from the branches, they pitch the body of the tree in a muddy 

 place in a river, with the head downward, for some time. Afterwards they draw 

 it out ; and, when it is seasoned sufficiently, they saw it into boards for wainscot ; 

 and it will branch out into curious works." 



1 Juniperus communis-, L. ; common to both continents. But the author did 

 not probably distinguish from it J. Virginiana, L. ; which is frequent, and often 

 dwarfish, near the sea. 



2 Salix, L. ; the genus only meant here, it is likely. 



3 Daphne Laureola, L. (Gerard, p. 1404), with which Josselyn may have 

 considered Kalmia angustifolia, L., in some sort allied. The latter has long 

 been known in New England as dwarf or low laurel. 



* Myrica Gale, L. (Gerard, p 1414) ; common to Europe and America. 



5 Sambucus, L. Our 5. Canadensis, L. differs very little from the common 

 elder of Europe, except, as our author in his Voyages says (p. 71), in being 

 "shrubbie," and in not having "a smell so strong." — Cf. DC. Prodr., vol. ii. p. 

 322; Gerard, p. 1421. The other North-American elder (S. pubens, Michx.) is 

 at least equally near to the European 5. racemosa, L., according to Prof. Gray. 



6 "There is a sort of dwarf-elder, that grows by the sea-side, that hath a red 

 pith. The berries of both" — that is, of this and of the true elder mentioned 

 above — "are smaller than English elder; not round, but corner'd." — Voyages, 

 p. 71. Gerard's dwarf-elder (p. 1425) is Sambucus ebulus, L. Josselyn's may 

 have been a Viburnum ; for this genus was confused with Sambucus by the elder 

 botanists. Wood (New-England Prospeft, chap, v.) speaks of — 



" Small eldern, by the Indian fletchers sought ; " — 



•which was perhaps arrow-wood, or Viburnum dentatum, L. 



