JkfosCSJnjjIanfcs Parities. 137 



4. Of fuck Plants as have fprung up fince the Englifh 

 Playited and kept Cattle in New-England. 1 



COuch Grafs? 

 Shepherds Purfe? 

 Dandelion^ 

 Groundfel. 3 

 Sow Thiflle? 



1 The importance of this list has been already spoken of. Its value depends 

 on its having been drawn up by a person of familiarity with some of the botanical 

 writers of his day, as part of a botanical treatise ; and the (in this case) not unfair 

 presumption that the names cited are meant to be accurate. Mr. A. De Candolle 

 {Geogr. Botanique, vol. ii. p. 746) appears to be unacquainted with any authority 

 for the naturalized plants of the Northern States earlier than the first edition of 

 the Florida of Dr. Bigelow, in 1S14. The treatise of Cutler extends this limit to 

 1785 ; and that of Josselyn, so far as it goes, to 1672. 



- Doubtful. Gerard's couch-grass, p. 23, appears to be Holcus mollis, L., — 

 " the true couch-grass of sandy soils " in England ; and English agricultural 

 writers reckon yet other grasses of this name, beside the well-known Triticum 

 repens, L. 



3 Gerard, p. 276, — Capsella Bursa Pastoris (L.), Moench. " Cornfields, and 

 about barns,"— Culler (17S5), /. c. Naturalized. 



4 Gerard, p. 290, — Taraxacum Dens Leonis, Desf. ; looked, to our author, 

 like a new-comer. Dr. Gray (Man., p. 239; and comp. Torr. and Gray, Fl., vol. 

 ii. p. 494) regards it as "probably indigenous in the north," but only naturalized 

 in other regions. " Grass land," — Cutler (1785), /. c. 3 



5 Gerard, p. 278, — Senecio vulgaris, L. ; one of the adventive naturalized 

 plants, as defined by Mr. De Candolle (/. c, vol. ii. p. 688; and Gray, Man. Bot, 

 pref., p. viii.), according to the evidence of Dr. Darlington (Fl. Cestr., p. 152), 

 and Gray, /. c. It has long been a common weed in eastern* New England. 



6 Sonchus, L. S. oleraceus, L., as understood by Linnaeus, was no doubt 

 intended: but this is now taken to include two species, both recognized in this 

 country (Gray, /. c, p. 241); between which there is no evidence to authorize a 

 decision. 



