28 



These pieces are at first very small, but as the grub grows it cuts out larger blankets for 

 itself, and when it is fully grown, these are about the diameter of its own length* 

 Sheltered by this case the worm feeds upon the softer part of the surface of the leaf, 

 forming upon it rings and irregular patches. When the larva? are numerous more than 

 one will be found upon each leaf, and the work of destruction proceeds more rapidly. 

 When tired of their location they crawl away, bearing their cases with them, to seek fresh 

 feeding grounds. When blown to the ground with falling leaves they apparently crawl up 

 the nearest trunk again. When mature they drop to the ground, or fall with the leaves, 

 and changing to pupa? in their cases emerge the following spring as pretty little moths, of 

 a dark blue colour, with bright orange yellow heads, which may be frequently seen in early 

 summer upon the leaves or flying from tree to tree. When a serious attack, such as I 

 have described, occurs in a grove, upon shade or ornamental trees, or in a sugar-bush, it 

 would be well to burn over the leaves, and to let pigs or cattle range the ground so as to 

 destroy as many as possible of the pnpse. 



20. Thyridopteryx Ephem- 

 erceformis Haworth. This is 

 a very curious insect known 

 as the "bag-worm," because 

 the larva forms a bag to protect it 

 (Fig. 8fJ while feeding. Thefemale 

 passes her whole life in this case, 

 being wingless. It is a rather 

 southern insect and will not likely 

 occur in Canada. Among its food 

 plants Mr. Lintner enumerates 

 maple. In Fig. 8, a represents 

 the caterpillar ; /, the same in its 

 bag, fully grown ■ 6, the male 

 pupa ; c, the female moth, legless 

 and wingless ; d, the male moth ; 

 e, section of female pupa in the 

 bag, as found in winter. 



The following species are also 

 given by Dr. Packard as infesting 

 the maple: — 



21. Gastropacha Americana Harris. The American Lappetmoth, which is also 

 sometimes found upon apple and cherry trees. 



22. Nadata Gibbosa Sm-Abb. Also on oak. 



23. Nematocanipa jilamentaria, Guen. I have bred this moth from larva found upon 

 hickory, Carya amara. It is described and figured in " Insects Injurious to Fruits," 

 Saunders, as feeding on plum trees. The caterpillar is remarkable as having four long 

 slender fleshy filaments arising from the fifth and sixth segment. It occurs also on oak. 



24. Amphidasys Cognataria, Guenee. This is a large handsome moth, expanding 

 two inches or more. The caterpillar is a greenish "looper" sometimes attacking currant 

 bushes, and feeding on various plants. 



25. Heterophelps Triguttata H.-Sch. 



26. Lithocolletis Aceriella, Clemens. The larva of this little moth mines in the 

 upper surface of the leaves, forming a flat blotch therein. 



27. Lithocolletis Lncidicostella, Clemens. The larvae form tentiform mines in 

 under surface of leaves. 



28. Lithocolletis clemensella, Chamb. The larva? of this species have the habits of 

 previous one. 



29. Gracilaria Packardella, Chamb. The caterpillar rolls the leaf downward into a 

 conical figure. 



30. Catattega Aceriella, Clemens. Of this species only the larva? were known to Dr. 

 Packard, and although they occur here the moth has never been bred. The larva at first 

 mines the leaf, but subsequently it constructs a case of its frass. 



Fig. 8- 



