102 



six hundred dollars and a number of friends six hundred and eighty dollars to pay his 

 debts. This was all repaid with interest by Zimmermann as soon as he had made money 

 here, as a page in his note book states. He left Hamburg August 5th, 1832, as steerage- 

 passenger for Philadelphia. He began directly to collect and to study the English, 

 language. His collection grew rapidly, but in a few months he saw that it was impossible 

 to work in expensive America for cheap Europe without running in debt. So he decided 

 to leave Philadelphia and to try his luck as a teacher in South Carolina. He made the 

 trip according to the custom of German students on foot, a knapsack on his shoulder and 

 a few dollars in his pocket. This journey of 713 miles, in the midst of a severe winter 

 and attended with much hardship which proves his excellent health and strength, was- 

 made in fifty days with $27 in cash, $6 credit, three maps, one book and a pocket knife. 

 The visit to Dr. Melsheimer on this trip has been published before by me. The detailed 

 report of excursion given by Zimmermann to Professor Burmeister is very interesting, 

 but has never been printed. Zimmermann had no idea that he was here considered 

 simply a tramp, which explains easily and rightly most of his complaints. 



In Georgetown, S.C., he tuned pianos and gave music lessons till he was engaged in 

 the South Carolina Female Institute at Berhamville to teach music and drawing. This 

 happy change in his circumstances allowed him to pay directly the debts made in Europe 

 with five per cent, interest. He collected largely, sometimes quoting the number collected 

 at the end of the month or the year as " 11,508 specimens have been collected," besides 

 mentioning any remarkable forms. He made many excursions, visited Cambridge (whei'e- 

 he saw Harris), Niagara, Albany, the Catskills. New York and its surroundings. He made 

 the acquaintance of every naturalist of eminence. He sent to Europe many insects and 

 received many from there, together with the newest publications. His correspondence 

 was apparently a large one. 



After a few years his situation in the school where he was engaged was given up ;. 

 1 it had become unpleasant some time before. He possessed now an excellent collection, 

 very comfortable furniture and three thousand dollars, and decided to buy a little farm 

 to be used as a nursery and for raising silk-worms. In 1839 he made, as he states, four- 

 teen " farm-reisen " in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and other states, partly with Zeigler 

 and Morris. His project proved to be a failure, and he decided to return to Europe and 

 to send his property to New York. After a short visit to Harris, he went to New York, 

 to find that the vessel, with all his property, was lost in a fearful storm. His note-book 

 says : — " Sept. 10. I am notified of the loss of my collection and property." " Sept. 16, 

 Beginning of a new collection. The voyage is given up." " Sept. 25. Invitation of 

 Harris to come to Cambridge," where he stayed until November 12th. On Nov. 7th 

 new insect boxes were bought of the box-maker, Newell, in Cambridge. He made many 

 excursions with Harris, whose family very well remember the German naturalist. 



The next year he lived in Baltimore, occupied with entomological systems and excur- 

 sions with Mr. Morris, and decided to return to South Carolina. Feb. 27 records a "letter 

 to Hannah, with an offer of marriage." March 21. "Hannah answers yes." April 3. 

 " I find Horia sanguinipennis." Apr. 14. "I find Trichius maculosus." 



He had made the acquaintance of Mrs. Hannah Green, afterwards his wife, seven 

 years ago in Georgetown, S.C. We find in his note book : " Evening with Hannah, 

 drawings on the wall; sweet home and picture; quarrels plenty." Monday, June 21. 

 " Arrival in Rockingham, N. Carolina." June 22. " I reach the town in the morning, 

 visit Hannah at noon, and am married in the evening." 



"Hannah begins her school, July 16, with 16 pupils, and 7 pupils of mine in music 

 and drawing." 



Sept. 17. "Dispute took place with Hannah about American culture and the fight 

 that lately happened in Washington among the members of Congress " 



It very soon became apparent that it was impossible to make a comfortable living in 

 North Carolinn, and they decided to return to Columbia, South Carolina. Here they 

 built a school-house, forty feet by sixteen, which was inaugurated December 18th, 1843. 

 The expense was, for the building, $417 ; for Loring's globes, $33. Income during the 

 year, $1,521 ; expenses, 81,277. 



