1054 Remarks on the Geology, fyc. [Dec. 



In regard to simple minerals met with imbedded in the rocks, our 

 list is but small, consisting of 



Calcereous Spar, 



Sinter, 



Tuffa, 



— Quartz, 



Dodecahudial Garnet. 



Red and brown Hematite. 

 In addition to the localities mentioned of the iron ores, Dr. Macleod 

 pointed out to us several masses in the bed of the river torrent in 

 Simla valley, shewing probably, as the fragments were angular, that 

 a vein, or veins, occur near, of little value, however, from their impu- 

 rity. In regard to the garnets, it is rather a remarkable fact that 

 we have only met with them in those localities where the clay slate ap- 

 pears to have been much altered ; the same has been remarked in Europe 

 by Sedgwick, and Lyell. As yet we have no account of the minerals 

 met with among the Himmalehs ; those already noticed amount to not 

 more than twenty or thirty, a statement truly remarkable, pointing 

 out how lamentably this department has been neglected ; in such a 

 mighty range we ought to meet with an immense number of minerals. 

 In the collection of the Asiatic Society of Calcutta, we found several 

 minerals which have never as yet been noticed as occurring in India ; 

 but whether these were found in this country, or imported, is a ques- 

 tion, no labels being attached, and Mr. J. Prinsep in England. Cal- 

 careous spar occurs frequently in the form of veins in the clay slate. 

 Of the other minerals mentioned, the localities have already been 

 given. 



Having now noticed, both generally and particularly, all the rocks 

 and minerals which have as yet come under our observation, we 

 shall make a few remarks in regard to that formation (the most 

 important of all formations) which forms such large tracts of the 

 Himmalehs; I allude to the coal formation. From what has been 

 stated by authors, and from what we have already seen, it is not 

 at all improbable that there is a belt composed of those rocks, extend- 

 ing along the whole base of the Himmalehs proper. The furthest 

 point, to the westward of which we have notice of these rocks, is At- 

 tock, and to the eastward, probably Darjeling ; comprehending about 

 17° of longitude; that, however, it extends further in both directions, 

 is more than probable. That no bed of coal worth working has 



* Near Subathoo imbedded in the slate, sulphate of lime or gypsum is found. From 

 this rock the celebrated Plaster of Paris is made. 



