24 INTRODUCTION. 



ameter will give 198,160,842 the number of square miles (sixty -nine 

 and a half to a degree) in the spherical surface of the earth ; and 

 this number multiplied by one sixth of the diameter will give 

 524,541,748,774, the number of cubic miles in its solid contents. 



We here subjoin a table exhibiting the superficial contents in 

 square miles, sixty to a degree, of the seas and unknown parts of 

 the world, of the habitable earth, the four quarters or continents ; 

 likewise of the great empires, and principal islands, placed as they 

 are subordinate to each other in magnitude. 



TABLE. 



Square Miles. 



The Globe - ■ 148,510,627 



Seas and unknown parts 117,343,821 

 The Habitable World* 30,666,806 



Europe - ■ • 2.749,349 



Asia .... 10,257.487 



Africa - - - 3.576,208 



America . - - 9,153,762 



Persian Empire under Darius 1,650,000 

 Uom.Em. in its utmost height 1,610,000 

 Russian - - • 4,864.000 



Chinese - - • 1,298,000 



Turkish - - - 652,960 



Present Persian - 800,000 



British, exclusive of settle- ^317105 



ments in Africa & Gibraltar.) ' 

 United Stales - - 923,000 



ISLANDS. 



Borneo 



Madagascar 



Sumatra 



Japan 



Great Britain 



Celebes 



Manilla 



Iceland 



Terra del Fuego 



Mindanao • 



228,000 

 168.000 

 129,000 

 118,000 

 77,243 

 63,400 

 58,500 

 46,000 

 42,075 

 39,200 



Islands. Square Miles 



Cuba 



Java 



Hispaniola 



Newfoundland 



Ceylon 



Ireltind 



Formosa 



Anian 



Gilolo 



Sicily 



Timor 



Sardinia 



Cyprus 



Jamaica 



Flores 



Ceracn 



Breton 



Socotra 



Candia 



P01 to Rico 



Corsica 



Zealand 



Majorca 



St.J*gO 



Negropont 

 Telieriffe 

 Gothland 

 Madeira 



38,400 



38,250 



36,000 



35,500 



27,730 



27.457 



17,000 



11.900 



10 400 



9 400 



7,800 



6,600 



6,300 



6,000 



6,000 



5,400 



4,000 



3.600 



3,220 



3.200 



2,520 



1,935 



1,400 



1.400 



1.300 



1,272 



1.000 



950 



Islands. Square Miles. 



St. Michael - 



Sky 



Lewis 



Funen • 



Yvica 



Minorca 



Rhode3 



Cephalonia - 



Amboyna 



Orkney, Pomona 



Scio 



Martinico 



Lemnos 



Corfu 



Providence 



Man 



Bornholm 



Wii;ht - 



Malta 



Barbadoes 



Zante 



Antigua 



St. Christopher' 



St. Helena 



Guernsey 



Jersey 



Bermudas 



Rhode - 



920 



900 



830 



768 



625 



520 



480 



420 



400 



324 



300 



260 



220 



194 



168 



160 



160 



150 



150 



140 



120 



10O 



80 



80 



50 



43 



40 



36 



To these islands may be added the following 1 , which have lately been discovered, or more fully 

 explored. The exact dimensions of them are not ascertained ; but they may be arranged in the 

 following order, according to their magnitude, beginning at the largest, which is supposed to be 

 nearly equal in size to the whole continent of Europe: 



New Holland, 



New Guinea, 



New Zealand, 



New Caledonia, 



New Hebrides, 



Otaheite, or King George's Island, 



Friendly Islands, 



Sandwich Islands, 



Navigator's Islands, 



Marquesas, 



Easter, or Davis's Island. 



* The number of inhabitants computed at") 

 present to be in the known world, ac a medi- f 

 um, taken from the best calculations, are C 

 about 700 millions. J 



Europe contains 

 1 Asia 

 1 Africa 

 .America 



150 millions. 

 450 



Total 700 



Before we conclude this introductoiy part of our work, it will be 

 proper to give a brief explanation of the nature and cause of winds 

 and tides. 



Winds. ...The earth on which we live is every where surrounded 

 by a fine invisible fluid, which extends to several miles above its sur- 

 face, and is called Air. It is found by experiments, that a small 

 quantity of air is capable of being expanded, so as to fill a very large 

 space, or to be compressed into a much smaller compass than it oc- 

 cupied before. The general cause of the expansion of the air is 

 heat ; that of its compression cold. Hence, if any part of the air 



