436 GERMANY. 



belief;) and the revenue, amounts to §5,000,000. This sum is" so 

 moderate, .when compared to the richness of the soil and the variety 

 of splendid manufactures, that the Saxon princes appear to have been 

 the most moderate and patriotic of any in Germany. 



The city of Leipsic in Upper Saxony, 46 miles distant from Dres- 

 den, is situated in a pleasant and fertile plain on the Pleisse, and the 

 inhabitants are said to amount to about 50,000. There are also large 

 and well built suburbs, with handsome gardens. Between these 

 suburbs and the town is a fine walk of lime trees, which was laid 

 out in the year 1702, and encompasses the city. Mulberry-trees are 

 also planted in the town-ditches : but the fortifications seem rather 

 calculated for the use of the inhabitants to walk on$ than for defence. 

 The streets are clean, commodious, and agreeable, and are lighted in 

 the night with seven hundred lamps. They reckon 436 merchant 

 .houses, and 192 manufactories of different articles, as brocades, paper, 

 cards, 8cc. Leipsic has long been distinguished, for the liberty of 

 conscience allowed here to persons of different sentiments in religion. 

 Here is a university, which is still very considerable, with eight 

 churches for the Lutherans (theirs being the established religion) 

 one for the Calvinists, and a chapel in the castle for those of the 

 Romish church. The university library consists of about 26,000 

 volumes, 6000 of which are folios. Here is also a library for the 

 magistrates, which consists of about 36,000 volumes and near 20Q0 

 manuscripts, and contains cabinets of urns, antiques, and medals, 

 with many curiosities of art and nature. The exchange is an elegant 

 building. Three annual fairs are held here ; which are particularly 

 famous for the number of literary productions, brought to them from 

 all parts of Germany. 



The city of Hanover, the capital of that electorate, stands on the 

 river Leine, and is a neat, thriving, and agreeable city. It contains 

 about twelve hundred houses, among which there is an electoral 

 palace. It carries on some manufactures ; and in its neighbourhood 

 are the palace and elegant gardens of Herenhausen. The dominions 

 of the electorate of Hanover contain about seven hundred and fifty 

 thousand people, who live in fifty-eight cities, and sixty market- 

 towns, besides villages. The city and suburbs of Bremen, which 

 duchy belongs, by purchase, to the said elector, contain about fifty 

 thousand inhabitants, who have a considerable trade by the Weser. 

 The other towns belonging to this electorate have trade and manu- 

 factures : but, in general, it must be remarked, that the electorate has 

 suffered greatly by the accession of the Hanover family to the crown 

 of Great Britain. The secularised bishopric of Osnaburg, lies between 

 the rivers Weser and Ems. The chief city, Osnaburg, has been 

 long famous all over Europe for the manufacture known by the name 

 of the duchy, and for the manufacture of the best Westphalia hams. 

 The whole revenue of the bishopric amounted to about 30,000/. 



Munich, the capital of the electorate of Bavaria, is a very populous 

 and beautiful city, situate on the Iser. The houses are high, and the 

 streets spacious, with canals in several of them. It is esteemed the 

 most elegant city in Germany, and contains about 2300 houses, and 

 48,740 inhabitants. The electoral palace is a very sumptuous edifice; 

 besides which there are two other electoral palaces at a little distance 

 from the city ; that of Nymphenburg, admired for its gardens, and 

 that of Schlesheim. 



Ratisbon, or Regensburg, where the diet of the empire assembleSj 



