NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 4*1 



lake of the same name. They unite in Sanbornton, and take the 

 name Merrimack, which pursues at first a south course, then sweeps 

 a bold arch easterly, and falls into the sea, three miles below New- 

 buryport. The last part of its course is in Massachusetts. Bridges 

 cross this river at Plymouth, Boscawen, Concord, Dunbarton, at the 

 isle of Hookset, and at Goffstown, below Amoskeag- falls. From the 

 west it receives Blackvvater, a sluggish stream, above Salisbury : 

 also Contoocook, below Boscawen ; Piscataquog, in Goffstown, and 

 Sowhegan, below Bedford. From the east it receives Suncook, be- 

 low Pembroke. Piscataqua has its source in a pond in Wakefield; 

 its course is about 40 miles. To the falls in Somersvvorth, it is called 

 Salmon-fall river; thence it assumes the name of Newichawannock, 

 till it unites with the Cocheco river. Five miles above Portsmouth, 

 a stupendous bridge crosses this river. Its length is 2600 feet ; 2244 

 are planked ; near the centre is an arch of 244 feet. 



Winnipiseogee lake is 24 miles long, and from 3 to 12 broad. 

 Massabesick lake is 30 miles in circuit. 



Metals, minerals ...Iron, lead, and copper ores, and several 

 kinds of earths and clays are found in this state. It produces red artd 

 yellow ochres, steatites, or soap-rock, the best lapis specularis, a kind 

 of talc, commonly called isinglass ; crystals, alum, vitriol, free-stone, 

 and black lead. 



Climate, soil, and produce. ...The air of New-Hampshire is 

 healthful, and the weather is commonly serene, and not so subject to 

 variation as in the more southern states. From the vicinity of the 

 White Mountains, which, as has been said, are almost always cover- 

 ed with snow and ice, this country is extremely cold in winter. In 

 summer the heat is great, but of short duration. The shore is mostly 

 a sandy beach, adjoining to which are salt marshes, intersected by 

 creeks, which produce good pasture for cattle and sheep. The in- 

 terval lands on the margin of great rivers are the most valuable, be- 

 cause they are often overflowed and enriched by the water from the 

 uplands, which brings a fat slime or sediment. On Connecticut river 

 these lands are from a quarter of a mile to a, mile and a half on each 

 side, and produce grass, corn and grain, especially wheat, in greater 

 abundance and perfection than the same kind of soil does in the higher 

 lands. The wide spreading hills are esteemed as warm and rich ; 

 rocky moist land is accounted good for pasture ; drained swamps have 

 a deep mellow soil, and the vallies between the hills are generally 

 very productive. Agriculture is the chief occupation of the inhabi- 

 tants. Wheat, rye, Indian corn, barley, pulse, hops, esculent roots 

 and plants, flax, and hemp, are raised in immense quantities in New- 

 Hampshire. Apples and pears are the most common fruits in this 

 state ; but tree fruit of the first quality cannot be raised in such a 

 northern climate as this without particular attention. The unculti- 

 vated lands are covered with extensive forests of pine, fir, cedar ? 

 r>ak, hemlock, &c. 



Manufactures. ...A cotton manufactory is established in Exeter, 

 At Amoskeag falls, in Goffstown, is a manufactory of cotton and 

 wool. A company is incorporated to manufacture cotton and wool at 

 Pembroke. At Milford is a cotton and wool manufactory. Great 

 quantities of iron are wrought in Franconia.* The following sum- 



* Parish. 



