414 CONNECTICUT, 



is divided into two branches, called the upper and lower houses. The 

 upper house is composed of the governor, deputy-governor, and as- 

 sistants ; the lower house, ot the representatives of the people. No 

 law can pass without the concurrence of both houses. The executive 

 authority is vested in the governor and council. 



Religion. ...Ail religions that are consistent with the peace of so- 

 ciety are tolerated in Connecticut ; and a spirit of liberality and Ca- 

 tholicism is increasing. There are very few religious sects in this 

 state. The bulk of the people are congregationalists ; and there are 

 besides, episcopalians, baptists, and quakers. 



Colleges, literature... .Yale college, at New-Haven, is an emi- 

 nent seminary of learning: it was founded in the year 1700. It has 

 a public library of about 3000 volumes, and a very complete philoso- 

 phical apparatus. Academies have likewise been established at Green- 

 field, PL>.inneld, Norwich, Windham, and Pomfret, some of which 

 are flourishing. In no part of the world is the education of all ranks 

 of people more attended to than in Connecticut; almost every town 

 in the state is divided into districts, and each district has a public 

 school kept in it a greater or less part of every year. A thirst for 

 learning prevails among all ranks of people in the state. More of 

 the young men in Connecticut, in proportion to their numbers, re- 

 c r • : ' a public education than in any of the other states. 



..The first grant of Connecticut was made by the Ply- 

 >uhcil to the earl of Warwick, in 1630. The year following 

 assigned this' grant to lord Say and Seal, lord Brook, and 

 nine others. Some Indian traders settled at Windsor in 1633. The 

 year,, a little' Before the arrival of the English, a few Dutch 

 traders settled at Hartford: and the re/nains of the settlement are 

 still visible on the banks of Connecticut river. In 1634, lord Say and 

 Seal, &c. sent over a small number of men, who built a fort at Say- 

 brook, and made a treaty with the Pequot Indians for the lands on 

 Connecticut river. Mr. Haynes and Mr. Hooker left Massachusetts 

 bay in 1634, and settled at Hartford. The following year, Mr. Eaton 

 and Mr. Davenport seated themselves at New-Haven. In 1644, the 

 Connecticut adventurers purchased of Mr. Fenwick, agent for lord 

 Say and Seal and lord Brook, their right to the colony for 1600/. 

 Connecticut and New-Haven continued two distinct governments for 

 many years. At length, John Winthrope, esq. who hadbeen chosen 

 governor of Connecticut, was employed to solicit a royal charter. 

 In 1662, Charles II. granted a charter, constituting the two colonies 

 for ever one body corporate and politic, by the name of the governor 

 and company of Connecticut. New-Haven took the affair ill ; but in 

 1665 all difficulties were amicably adjusted ; and this charter still 

 continues to be the basis of their government. The boundaries be- 

 tween Connecticut and Massachusetts, were settled in 1713. The 

 people of Connecticut claimed a large tract of land within the limits 

 of Pennsylvania, in 1753, and in 1762, a considerable colony settled 

 in Pennsylvania under Connecticut titles, and have kept possession 

 ever since 



