DELAWARE, 



SITUATION AND EXTENT. 

 Milei. s 1« Miles- 



Length 92 } , ■ C 38° 29' and 39° 54' North latitude. ? 9 „ 



Breadth 34$ betWCen i 75° 9' and 75° 51' West longitude. $ 20 °° 



BooNDARiE3....Delaware is bounded on the east by the river and 

 bay of the same name, and the Atlantic Ocean ; on the north, by Penn- 

 sylvania ; and on the south and west by Maryland. It is divided into 

 the three following counties : 



Counties. Population. Chief Towns. 



Newcastle, . . 24,429 . Newcastle, Wilmington. 

 Kent, . . . 20,495 . Dover. 

 Sussex, . . 27,750 . Lewis. 



These counties are subdivided into 24 hundreds. 



Rivers. ...In the southern and western parts of this state, spring 

 the head-waters of Pocomoke, Wicomico, Nanticoke, Choptank, 

 Chester. Sassafras, and Bohemia rivers, all falling into Chesapeak 

 Bay. Some of them are navigable twenty or thirty miles into the 

 country for vessels of fifty or sixty tons. Brandywine creek rises in 

 Pennsylvania, enters this state in Newcastle county, and joins the 

 Christiana about a mile below Wilmington. On this stream are 

 situated those excellent merchant mills, which have given celebrity 

 to the flour manufactured in this state. The Christiana rises in 

 Pennsylvania, a little above the divisional line. It receives in its 

 course Red and White Clay, and Mill creeks, flows by Newport, and 

 passing Wilmington, is joined by the Brandywine, and empties into 

 the Delaware about three miles below Wilmington. The channel is 

 very crooked, though ships drawing 1 1 feet water can navigate it to 

 Wilmington. Besides the above, the Appoquinimink, Duck, Jones, 

 Murderkill, Broadkill, and Lewis creeks, discharge into the Dela- 

 ware, affording great facility in the transportation of the produce of 

 • the country. 



Metals, minerals. ...There are few minerals in this state, except 

 iron : large quantities of bog iron ore, very fit for castings, are found 

 in Sussex county, among the branches of Nanticoke river. On the 

 Delaware, below Newcastle, large quantities of pure, ductile clay, 

 are found ; which has, for many years, been carried almost through- 

 out the continent. The glass houses at Pittsburg have been supplied 

 with it, a long time, for their crucibles and other utensils. 



Air, soil, and produce. ...The air is in general healthy; but in 

 some parts, where there are large quantities of stagnant water, it is 



