NORTH CAROLINA. 459 



They manufacture iron wares, and cotton cloth for domestic con- 

 sumption. 



Government.. ..The constitution of this state resembles that of 

 Virginia. The executive authority is vested in a governor and 

 council, who are elected annually by the legislature or general as- 

 sembly. The governor must have resided in the state 5 years, and 

 possess a freehold worth 1000/. He has the power to grant pardons, 

 except for crimes prosecuted by the assembly ; and to fill vacancies 

 in office until the ensuing session of the assembly. He is liable to 

 be impeached and prosecuted in a supreme court for mal-administra- 

 tion. The general assembly consists of a senate and house of com- 

 mons. The members must be freeholders, and prove their residence 

 in the state one year before the election, if required. Conjointly they 

 make all laws, and appoint to all the important offices of the com- 

 monwealth, civil and military. The judges are appointed by the 

 general assembly, and hold their commissions during good behaviour- 

 The electors of the senate must be freeholders ; but all residenters of 

 one year, who have paid taxes, may vote for members of the house of 

 commons. The state sends 2 senators and 13 representatives to the 

 general congress. 



Religion. ...The methodists and baptists are numerous and in- 

 creasing in North Carolina ; the Moravians have several flourishing 

 settlements in the upper part of this state ; the friends or quakers 

 have a settlement in New-Garden, in Guilford county, and several 

 congregations at Perquimins and Pasquotank ; and there are not a 

 few presbyterian congregations. The Episcopalians who were the 

 original settlers of North Carolina are reduced to a small number. 



History. ...The first regular settlement was made in North Caro- 

 lina in the year 1680, in Perquimons county, on the north side of Al- 

 bemarle sound, by emigrants from Virginia, and there the first gene- 

 ral assembly was held. Thence the population gradually flowed south- 

 wardly. A settlement was made at Newbern about the year 1720, 

 by a number of Palatines from Germany, who had been reduced to 

 circumstances of great indigence by a calamitous war. The infant 

 colony remained under the general government of South Carolina 

 till about the year 1729, when seven of the proprietors, for a valua- 

 ble consideration, vested their property and jurisdiction in the crown ; 

 and the colony was erected into a separate province, by the name of 

 North Carolina, and its present limits established by an order of 

 George II. Lord Carteret, one of the original proprietors, chose to 

 retain his right of one eighth; and in 1740 it was laid off for him, 

 and described as extending from the latitude of 35° 34' to the south- 

 ern limit of Virginia ; and from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 

 North Carolina joined zealously in the war of independence, and 

 sent 3 delegates to meet the general congress at Philadelphia in 1774. 



