'opulation. 



Chief Town's. 



10,359 



Columbia. 



5,643 



Monroe. 



10,265 



Jefferson. 



1 1,649 





4,262 





11,952 



Lebanon. 



13,153 



Franklin. 



4,028 



Sparta. 



5,725 



Macminville. 



3,259 





470 ' TENNESSEE. 



Counties. 

 Maury, * 

 Overton, 

 Rutherford, . 

 Smith, . . 

 Stewart, 

 Wilson, 

 Williamson, 

 White, 

 Warren, 

 Bledsoe, 



Tennessee is naturally divided by the Cumberland mountain, into 

 East and West Tennessee. 



Mountains... .The Cumberland mountain, in its whole extent from 

 the great Kanhawa to the Tennessee, consists of the most stupendous 

 piles of craggy rocks of any mountain in the western country. In 

 several parts of it, for miles, it is inaccessible, even to the Indians on 

 foot. In one place particularly, near the summit of the mountain, 

 there is a most remarkable ledge of rocks, of about thirty miles in 

 length, and 2 >0 feet thick, showing a perpendicular face to the south- 

 east, more noble and grand than any artificial fortification in the 

 known world, and apparently equal in point of regularity. Through 

 this stupendous pile, according to a modern hypothesis, had the wa- 

 ters of all the upper branches of the Tennessee to force their way. 



Rivers.. .The Tennessee, Holston, Watauga, French Broad, Pi- 

 geon, Nolachucky, Clinch, Powell's, Hiwassce, Cumberland, Oby, 

 Cany Fork, Holly, Rocky, Falling-water, Collin's, Stone, Harpath, 

 Red, Elk, Duck, Wolf, Hatchee, Forked Deer, Obion, and Reel- 

 foot rives, are the principal streams of Tennessee. Most of them 

 take their source in the neighbouring states. The Tennessee and 

 Cumberland pass through a part of Kentucky, to the Ohio. The 

 other rivers are all tributaries to these two principal streams, except- 

 ing the Wolf, Hatchee, Forked Deer, Obion, and Reelfoot, which 

 fall into the Mississippi. 



Metals and minerals... .Iron ore abounds in the districts of 

 Washington and Mero. Several lead mines have been discovered. 

 It is said that gold has been found here, but the place where is not 

 known. Ores and springs strongly impregnated with sulphur are 

 found in various parts. Copperas, alum, saltpetre, slate, flint, coal, 

 limestone, and marble, are found in various parts of the state. 



Climate, soil, and produce. ...The climate of Tennessee is tem- 

 perate and healthful : the summers are very cool and pleasant in 

 that part which is contiguous to the mountains that divide this state 

 from North Carolina ; but on the western side of the Cumberland 

 mountains the heat is more intense, which renders that part better 

 calculated for the production of tobacco, cotton, and indigo. The 

 soil of East Tennessee is light, that of West Tennessee is in general 

 luxuriant, and will afford every production which is the growth of any 

 of the United States. The usual crop of cotton is 800 lbs. to the acre, 

 of a lout; and fine staple ; and of corn from 60 to 80 bushels.* 



Animals. ...A few years since, this country abounded with large 

 herds of bisons, improperly called buffaloes; but this animal is 



* Morse. 



