236 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. | AUGUST, 1907. 
doing as much as possible during the growing period to harden the growths 
as they develop, rather than trust to sunshine in the early autumn to solidify 
the soft and not properly-developed bulbs. 
Laiias.—L. anceps will now take water freely, and will derive consider- 
able benefit if heavily syringed when the house is shut up about 3.30 p.m. 
Leave the house shut up till about six, and then, when the weather is 
favourable, put on a good deal of air, and let it remain on all night. L. 
pumila should also now be kept well supplied with water. 
DENDROBIUMS.—Some of the Denbrobiums will by now have their 
growths nearly made up, though not developed. It is a great mistake to 
imagine that when the terminal leaf is apparent the resting season should 
commence. They have still much to do, and if they are given a decided 
check, either by removing them to cooler quarters or by withholding water 
too much, they cannot properly make up and solidify the new pseudobulb. 
By judicious watering they may toa great extent be prevented from starting 
into growth again, and I am sure that since we have kept them in one 
house all the year, we have not had a larger percentage grow away again 
than we did when we used to take them into one of the early fruit houses 
to give them their so-called rest. 
The principle we follow at this season is to water very freely those that 
do not show the terminal leaf, but those that do we give enough to keep 
them developing. Combined with this we begin, about the second week in 
this month, to leave a little side air on all night, and when that has been 
done for a few weeks the new bulbs begin to show that healthy, ripened 
golden skin, and all the time this change is taking place the bulbs are still 
swelling. If water is withheld to a considerable extent, and much sunshine 
admitted, the bulbs harden, no doubt, but they do not swell to the same 
extent. They receive a check before full development, and it does not matter 
what class of plant we are dealing with, if such a check is given the ultimate 
result will not be the best. 
As the season advances and the bulbs have become properly matured 
the supply of water can be to advantage greatly reduced, and it will be 
found that the new bulb, properly built up, will go a long time during the 
winter months without water, when they will be having their proper rest. 
Tam afraid I have dwelt on this rather much, but I have been asked this 
question so often that I thought it would be of interest to other growers of 
Dendrobiums. 
CALANTHES, feom now till signs of decay are apparent on the foliage, 
should never be allowed to become dry. Ifthey have been kept as dry as 
I suggested in the Calendar for March they will have made much root, and 
now they will respond very freely when water is given in quantity, and 
build up bulbs of good size and substance. It is also important that they 
