48 HOLLAND AND TIPPER : INDIAN GEOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY. 



Oaj series. — " A superb section of the strata forming this group 



is exposed on the banks of the Gaj river which cuts 



through the Kirthar range, south-west of Mehar in Sind," and 

 from this river the series was named by W. T. Blanford (Rec, 

 Geol. Sun., Ind., IX, 9, 1876 ; Mem., Geol. Surv., Ind., XVII, 

 53, 1880). The beds rest with stratigraphical conformity on 

 the Nari series, and above appear to pass up into a series of 

 estuarine clays and sandstones, which Blanford regarded as part 

 of the Manchhar series, but which, according to E. Vredenburg, 

 are distinctly older and should be separated under the name 

 Hinglaj {q.v.). Blanford regarded the Gaj as Miocene, possibly 

 Upper Miocene, in age. This agrees with the conclusions of 

 P. M. Duncan and W. P. Sladen [Pal. Ltd., Ser. XIV, I, (1), 104, 

 1880 ; (3), 276, 1885]. E. Vredenburg however {Rec, Geol. Surv., 

 Ind., XXXIV, 267, 1906) regards the Gaj as Upper Aquitanian 

 (Oligocene). G. E. Pilgrim has shown (Rec., Geol. Surv., Ind., 

 XL, 187, 188, (1910), Pal. Ind., New Ser., II, pt. 2 (1912), that 

 the Kuldana beds, which underlie the Murrees and the Bugti 

 bone beds are of Upper Aquitanian (i.e., Gaj age). A characteristic 

 fossil of the uppermost Gaj in Western India, Ostrea latimarginata 

 Vred., has been found at about the middle of the Yenangyaung 

 series in Upper Burma and partly in consequence it has been 

 proposed to use Theobald's term Prome series for this and the beds 

 below, regarding them as equivalent to the Gaj of Western India, 

 while the overlying Kama clay series is equivalent to part of the 

 Hinglaj series of Baluchistan (E. Vredenburg and M. Stuart, 

 Rec, Geol. Surv., Ind., XXXVIII, 127, 129, 1909). Fossiliferous 

 rocks of Gaj age have been found by G. H. Tipper (Mem., Geol. 

 Surv., Ind., XXXV, 202, 1911) in the Andaman Islands and in 

 the Arakan Yoma. 



Qanurgarh shales. — The lowest stage of the Lower Bhander series 

 in the Upper Vindhyans, distinguished by F. R. Mallet (Mem., 

 Geol. Surv., Ind., VII, 27, 28, 1869) and named from the Ganur- 

 garh hill fort, north-west of Hoshangabad. 



Qhazij series. — R. D. Oldham (Rec, Geol. Surv., Ind., XXIII, 95, 

 1890) provisionally used the name Ghazij for a series overlying 

 his Dunghan limestones in Eastern Baluchistan, and consisting 

 of " a great thickness of grey and olive-green shales, with sub- 

 sidiary beds of lime and sandstone and, locally, coal." The 

 name adopted is that of the valley which runs down from 



