20 HOLLAND AND TIPPER : INDIAN GEOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY. 



New Ed., I, 56, 68, 1907) for the whole range of strata in 

 Peninsular India above the base of the Gondwana system and 

 the corresponding upper Carboniferous horizon in extra- 

 Peninsular areas. The division into two great groups, Aryan above 

 and Dra vidian below, thus recognises in India an important 

 and widespread " break " of about Upper Carboniferous age. 

 This is marked by the Talchir boulder-bed forming the base of 

 the Gondwauas on the- Peninsula, by the glacial boulder-bed at the 

 base of the Permo-Carboniferous in the Salt Range, and by a 

 prominent conglomerate in the Central Himalayas. The Aryan 

 group thus includes beds equivalent to a part of the Upper 

 Palaeozoic of Europe, added to the whole of the Mesozoic and 

 Cainozoic systems. 



Atgar (Athgarh) or Cuttack Stage The rocks so named occur 



between Cuttack and Atgar (20° 31' ; 85° 41'). They consist 

 of grits, sandstones and conglomerates with white or pinkish 

 clay-beds (W. T. Blanford, Mem., Geol, Surv., Ind., I, 68, 

 1859 ; Rec, Geol. Surv., Ind., V, 59, 1872 ; V. Ball, Rec, Geol. 

 Sure, Ind., X, 63, 1877). Determined from fossil plants by 

 0. Feistmantel to be of Rajmahal age (Rec., Geol. Surv., Ind., 

 X, 68—70; Pal. Ind., Ser. XII, I, 187, 1879). 



Attock slates. — Named by A. B. Wynne (Mem., Geol. Sure, Ind., 

 IX, 333, 1872) from the' town on the Indus (33° 53'; 72° 17'). 

 Unfossiliferous dark or black slates with limestones and sand- 

 stones of an olive, sometimes liver-colour ; also with intrusive and 

 interbedded trap. They lie below the infra-Trias (? Devonian) 

 rocks with marked unconformity and are now regarded as 

 probably part of the Purana group. 



Awk See Owk shales. 



Axial series Named by W. Theobald (Rec, Geol Sure, Ind., 



IV, 33, 1871), and described as the group of altered rocks con- 

 stituting the main Arakau Yoma. Afterwards divided into 

 two, the name Axial being restricted to the older division 

 thought to be Triassic, and the name Negrais being applied 

 to the younger or possibly Cretaceous division (Mem., Geol. 

 Surv., Ind., X, 315, 1873). Although Triassic fossils occur 

 in the Axials (Rec., Geol. Surv., Ind., IV, 39, and XXXIV, 134, 

 1906) the group of rocks is composite ; for, among the fossils 

 collected by Theobald and labelled " Triassic," G. H. Tipper (Rec, 

 Geol, Surv., Ind,, XXXV, 119, 1907) found specimens of Cardita 



