MEMOIRS 



OF 



THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. 



Indian Geological Terminology. By Sir Thomas 

 H. Holland, K.C.I.E., F.R.S., Professor of Geology, 

 Victoria University of (Manchester, and G. H. Tipper, 

 M.A., F.G.S., Geological Survey of India, 



INTRODUCTION. 



Previous, to the formatioD of an official Geological Survey Depart- 

 ment in 1856 various isolated observations regarding the geological 

 features of India had been collected and published by independent 

 workers, some of whom were enthusiastic amateurs devoting their 

 leisure time to the work, while others were employed by the East 

 India Company for special enquiries. The earliest investigations were 

 undertaken through the agency of the Topographical Survey Depart- 

 ment, Mr. Laidlaw being attached to Captain Webb's party in 

 Kumaun in 1817 and Dr. H. W. Voysey being appointed to accom- 

 pany Colonel Lambton in 1818. Among those who followed these 

 pioneers may be mentioned : — 



J. Adam (1821-42), J. Prinsep (1825-38), J. D. Herbert (1825- 

 44). J. Franklin (1826-35), G. G. Spilsbury (1827-44), 

 P. T. Cautley (1828-60), J. Calder (1829-33), J. Hardie 

 (1829-34), J. G. Malcohnson (1831-46), H. Piddington (1831- 

 57), H. Falconer (1831-65), R. Everest (1831-42), J. F. Royle 

 (1832-57), T. J. Newbold (1833-48), W. E. Baker (1834- 

 57), R. B. Smith (1834-45), M. Vicary (1835-53), P. M. 

 Benza (1835-37), G. Fulljames (1836-61), J. McClelland 

 (1837-55), S. F. Hannay (1838-56), J. Campbell (1839-46), 

 C. T. Kaye (1839-46), G. Buist (1843-60), W. S. Sherwill 

 (1845-58), R. Strachey (1847-56), E. O'Riley (1847-64), 



