66 HOLLAND AND TIPPER : INDIAN GEOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY. 



1857, 657). In this group Carter included formations of widely 

 different ages, crystalline limestones of the Archaean complex, 

 Vindhyan limestones as well as Gondwana coals and shales. 

 Ken series (or sub-system).— Used by E. Vredenburg (Rec. Geol. 

 Surv. hid., XXXIII, 258, 1906) for the lower of his two main 

 divisions of the Vindhyan system, including the Rewah and Kai- 

 mur series of the old Upper Vindhyan with the old Lower Vin- 

 dhyan. Named from the river which traverses these formations 

 in Central India. 

 Khadar. — Vernacular term in use to denote the flood plain of a river. 

 Kharian beds.— W. Theobald {Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind., XIV, 107, 1881) 

 used this term as equivalent to the Upper Siwaliks in the Sub- 

 Himalayan region, and divided it into an upper and lower division. 

 The term has dropped out of use. 

 Kheitljua Stage. — Term proposed by P. N. Datta (Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind., 

 XXVIII, 145, 1895) for beds 6, 7 and 8 in the classification of 

 the Lower Vindhyans adopted by F. R. Mallet (Mem. Geol. Surv. 

 Ind., VII, 28, 1869). From the Kheinjua hills (24° 10' ; 80° 50') 

 in Central India. 

 Khewra Stage. — Name used by F. Noetling (Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind., 

 XXVII, 74, 1894) for the lowest division of the Cambrian strata 

 in the Punjab Salt Range, previously known as the Purple Sand- 

 stone stage. The beds overlie the Salt Marl and are conform- 

 ably succeeded by the Middle Cambrian, so-called Neobolus, or 

 Kussak beds. Named from the town of Khewra (32° 39' ; 73° 31') 

 near the Mayo Salt Mines in the Jhelum district. 

 Khingil Series.— Provisional name proposed by H. H. Hayden 

 (Mem. Geol. Surv. Ind., XXXIX, 22, 1911) for a composite se- 

 ries, mainly of limestones, ranging in age from Carboniferous to 

 Upper Trias, and forming a large part of the Khingil range 

 on the east of the Kabul plain in Eastern Afghanistan. 

 Khondalite series.— Named by T. L. Walker (Mem. Geol. Surv. 

 Ind., XXXIII, 11, 1902) from the Khonds, or hill-men who live 

 on the Vizagapatam and Kalahandi hill-tracts, where the rocks 

 were first distinguished. They are para-schists including garneti- 

 ferous quartz-sillimanite rocks with garnetiferous quartzites, 

 calciphyres and graphitic schists, overlying, and apparently me- 

 tamorphosed by, the great igneous massif of charnockite and 

 associated granitoid gneisses (cf. Mercara group for similar rocks 

 in Coorg). 



