120 HOLLAND AND TIPPLE : INDIAN GEOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY. 



ofjithe Tricliinopoly area and are of uppermost Senonian age. 

 E. Vredenburg (Rec, Geol. Sum., hid., XXXVI, 195, 211, 1908) 

 correlates these beds with the upper part of the Hernipneustes 

 beds of Baluchistan which he regards as Maestrichtian. 



Trivicary (Tiruvacarai) grits.— Name used for a local development 

 of the Cuddalore sandstones containing silicified exogenous fos- 

 sil wood identified as Pence schmidiana by M. J. Schmid and E. E. 

 Schleiden (Uber die Natur der Kieselholzer, 1855). Tiruvakarai 

 (12° 1' ; 79° 43') is a village 14 miles west-north-west of Pondicherry. 



Tropites limestone. — Named from the characteristic ammonoid 

 genus by A. v. Krafft and applied by him to the third 

 iossiliferous horizon of the Carnic stage in Lilang and Tikha. 

 (Director's General Report, 1899-1900, 218). The fossils have been 

 described by E. v. Mojsisovics (Sitzb. K. Akad. Wiss., CL, 1892) 

 and C. Diener (Pal. Ind., xv, V, Part 1). 



Umia beds. — Name instituted by F. Stoliczka (MS. report) from a 

 small village (23° 41' ; 69° 1') in Cutch rather more than 50 miles 

 north-west of Bhuj and used by all subsequent writers for the 

 uppermost plant-bearing rocks of that district with which are 

 associated marine fossils. The rocks are chiefly sandstones and 

 shales with a calcareous conglomerate at the base. This conglo- 

 merate contains the majority of the marine fossils, cephalopods 

 (Perisphinctes eudichotomus, P. frequens) and lamellibranchs of 

 the genus Trigonia. Throughout the rest of the group plant 

 remains are common, but Trigonia smeei, which is looked upon 

 as the characteristic fossil, has been found at horizons well 

 above the plant-bearing strata. This group is usually overlaid 

 unconformably by the Deccan Trap, but at one place, Ukra hill, 

 it passes up into beds of Aptian age, so that not only the upper- 

 most Jurassic beds (Portlandian) but probably also the lowermost 

 Cretaceous are represented. For reference, see W. Waagen (Pal. 

 Ind., ser. IX, 1, 1873-76) ; W. T. Blanford (Rec, Geol. Surv., Ind., 

 IX, 80, 1876) ; Man. Geol. Ind., Ed. 1, 158, 1879 ; J. W. Gregory 

 (Pal. Ind., ser. IX, 11, 1893, 1900); F. L. Kitchin (id., Ill, 1900, 

 1903). 



Urmi series.— Name applied by G. E. Pilgrim (Mem., Geol. Surv., 

 Ind., XXXIV, 7, 22, 1908) from a well-known locality in Armenia 

 to certain impure reddish or fawn-coloured limestones developed 

 in two spots in Persia, with Pecten TJrmiensis, Pecten rotundatus, 

 etc., and considered to be Burdigalian in age. 



