182 Notes on Moor croft's Travels in Ladakh, [No. 147. 



dryism obtains. — In practice his sons and daughters do not become 

 Lamas and Nuns, but the priesthood is not formally barred against 

 them. 



I heard that about Lassa and other considerable places, the potters 

 (kumhars,) were regarded as outcasts, and as separate from the 

 artisans. 



In Kunawar where wood is plentiful, every one, however poor, is 

 burnt, unless he die of a certain disease called rimz, (of the nature of 

 which I made no note, but I remember it was not leprosy.) No one 

 save Lamas have tombs or grave-stones in Kunawar ; but the heirs of 

 a man of substance, may, in the Buddist districts, build a temple jointly 

 to his memory and to the glory of an emanation of Sakya. 



Tribes — The Kampas, the Zjakpas. — Near our encampment, a 

 Champa or shepherd and his family had encamped, and several other 

 tents were near. — Moor croft, II, 47- 



There is a sect of wandering Tartars called Kampa, who are in 

 some respects similar to the Jogees of Hindoosthan. They visit the sa- 

 cred places, and many of them subsist wholly by begging. Some are 

 very humourous fellows, they put on a mask, &c. &c. — Gerard, 

 P- H7. 



Now, (1842) the Kampas may be said to resemble the Kotchis of 

 Affghanistan, rather than the Jogees of India, and Gerard's compari- 

 son may be particular rather than general. The Kampas are wander- 

 ing shepherd traders. They are the chief carriers of borax. In 

 winter they graze their flocks in the southern Himalayas, and in 

 summer they proceed to Rohtak, Hanleb, &c. to procure borax and 

 some other articles. They are Tibetans, and intermarry with Bhotees 

 and with Kunawarees, see also Captain Hutton's Tour, (Jour. As. Soc. 

 Ill, 17.) I am not certain whether the jugglers or maskers of Tibet 

 are Kampas or not, but I think they are. I saw but one party only, 

 and they considered Pitti to be their home, but wandered over a 

 great extent of country. 



I may here mention another tribe of men found in Tibet. These 

 are the Zjakpas, a race of mounted plunderers, who infest the country 

 between Leh and Lassa, but whose chief strongholds appear to be 

 in the neighbourhood of the Mansarawar Lake. The Government 

 occasionally finds it advisable to employ these men in the service 



