192 Notes on Mooreroffs Travels in Ladakh, [No. 147. 



of the import of Panchim Rinbotcheh, as they say it means the great 

 one of the five jewels, but these five jewels they conceive to relate to 

 this world only, and to be pearls and coral, gold, silver and copper ! 



Tesho or Teshi means goodness, and Lonbo, (or Chunpo, Tib. Gram. 

 198,) is a title of eminence or authority, as the Le* Lonbo or Lonpo, or 

 Lompa, that is, the governor of Leh, (see Moorcroft, I, 334.) Tesho or 

 Teshi, occurs again in Teshigang ; teshi as before, being goodness, and 

 gang equivalent to full of; and perhaps also in the Tassisudon of 

 Turner, Teshi Lonbo is one of the four great monasteries of the Geluk- 

 pas. The three others are Dapung and Gaddan (or Galdan respective- 

 ly, one and two days distant from, and Sehra close to, Lassa, (see Malte 

 Brun. II, 625, for sera thence seres, &c.) but the monastery appears to 

 be of recent foundation, (a. d. 1417,) Csoma de Koros' Gram. p. 187- 

 Each of the four is ruled over by a Kanho {Nukanpo or principal, (Ti- 

 betan Gram. p. 198.) Our books and maps give Patala as the great 

 monastery or temple near Lassa, and it has also been considered as the 

 name of a sacred hill, but from the way in which it is mentioned by 

 Purangir Gosayen, (Turner's Embassy, pp. 459, 467,) it seems clear, 

 that the word is only equivalent to a, monastery or a temple, and not 

 that it is the name of a particular establishment or of a holy mountain, 

 or of the residence of the Grand Lama as Csoma de Koros says it 

 is, and further derives its name from the Patala or Tatta of the 

 Greeks, (Gram. p. 198.) 



The chief Lamas of the Ningmas, Dukpas, and Sakkias, reside 

 at different places, and pass under different names, but the particu- 

 lars I ascertained are not so satisfactory to myself as to be worth re- 

 peating. 



The Gelukpas admit, that Sakya or Sakyatna, (i. e. Sakyat'hub- 

 pa, the sage Sakya,) as he is commonly called in the villages, had five 

 principal emanations, or made five great divinities : Sharibu, Meyung- 

 hal, Rahjoo, Kung'ghas, and Phakpa Datchumba, or simply Datch- 

 umba, (Phakpa is, I believe, equivalent to Nath, in Hindi), but I 

 could learn no particulars. The five may be the same as the creations 

 of the Supreme Buddha, (Hodgson's Lit. and Rel. p. 40,) but from 

 other circumstances I would infer, that among the vulgar, the five 

 divinities mean the middle, and the four quarters, of the world, and 

 are simply expressive of the greatness of the Supreme God. 



