196 Report on the Geology, Zoology, fyc. [No. 135. 



and down by the South of Belaspore, crossing the Jumna, at Fyzabad, 

 and the Ganges at Hurdwar.* The whole course from Jelum is as near 

 South-east as possible, like all the other secondary ranges of the 

 Himalayas.! The salt range is parallel to the central or high moun- 

 tain range. 



Rocks. — The rocks met with at Jelalpore, consist of 



1. Limestone, 



2. Sandstone, 



3. Sandstone Conglomerate, 



4. Red and green Marls, 



5. Gypsum, 



6. Conglomerate. 



Conglomerate. — Resting upon the five rocks mentioned, in an uncon- 

 formable position, there is a conglomerate, held together partly by cal- 

 careous and partly by siliceous matter ; in it occur rounded masses or 

 boulders of granite, syenite, trap, quartz rock and limestone, &c, the 

 last of which abounds with organic remains. We meet with this rock 

 in situ some miles to the Westward, and on the road leading to 

 Kalabagh, as well as at that place, it points out the direction fol- 

 lowed by the stream which deposited the conglomerate. 



Limestone. — It is very compact, and varies in colour from greyish 

 white to greyish black ; it is devoid of organic remains, and forms the 

 highest parts of the mountains, rising to a height of about 1500 feet 

 above the river Jehlum. 



Sandstone Conglomerate. — The town of Jelalpore is built on the in- 

 clined sandstone conglomerate strata, and principally of that rock. It 

 has a very pretty appearance, the houses being neatly arranged in a 

 niche of the mountains, and about sixty feet up the acclivity, the name 

 dates back to the time of Jehangeer, at which period it was large and 

 populous ; the ruins, now seen about two hundred feet above the present 

 site, testify to the accuracy of the statement. It was destroyed by 

 Runjeet Singh about the commencement of his career, it being then 

 principally inhabited by Mussulmans. Hindoos now form the bulk of 

 the population. On the hill overlooking it, are the ruins of an old fort, 

 which appears to have been almost entirely built of boulders. 



* Journal of the Asiatic Society. f Elphinstone's Caubul, vol. II. p. 407. 



