OSBORX. REVIEW OF THE PLEISTOCENE 



247 



Fcetorius vulgaris 



Wiesel 



Weasel 



Sorex vulgaris 





Shrew 



Cricetus vulgaris 





Hamster 



Arvicola terrestris 



Schermaus 





" a real is 



gem. Feldmaus 



Meadow 



vole 



Of these forest-living animals the giant deer (Megaceros), the cave 

 bear (Ursus spelceus), the Maral deer (Cervus maral), the giant beaver 

 (Trogontherium) and the early Pleistocene species of horse are among 



Domestic 



Fig. 7. — Introduction, succession and extinction of the fauna from the five chief 



zoogeograpUic regions 



African-Asiatic, Eurasiatic Forest and Meadow, Tundra, Steppe and Desert, Alpine. 



the few forms which became extinct during the Glacial and Postglacial 

 epochs. The great majority of these species survived with successive 

 subspecific modifications. 



It is a very remarkable fact that this true forest fauna of Europe is 

 frequently found in the same deposits with the "warm fauna" of African- 

 Asiatic origin. The bison and wild cattle appear in Europe from early 



