296 A» VALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



The most remarkable skull and skeleton of Mousterian age is that 

 (Fig. 16) found by the Abbes J. and A. Bouyssonie and L. Bardon in 

 the cavern of La Chapelle-aux-Saints (Correze) in 1908, associated with 

 stone implements and remains of the reindeer, urns, ibex and woolly 

 rhinoceros. The cranium is dolichocephalic, with prominent supra- 



Fig. IT. — Neanderthal man 



Reconstruction of the head of Homo neanderthalensis by Charles R. Knight under the 

 direction of the author. 1910. 



orbital processes and relatively short and broad nose, weak lower jaw, 

 lacking the prominent chin process. These characters, as well as the 

 posterior position of the foramen magnum and the form of the palate, 

 are distinctly simian or pro-human. 86 



Postglacial Stage — Continuation of Uppicn Palaeolithic, 

 Eeindeer or Cave Period 



CLIMATE 



Por a long period the fauna of Postglacial time in Europe remained 

 practically the same, namely, during the Mousterian, Aurignacian, Soiu- 

 trean and Magdalenian culture periods. The cold fauna is shown both 

 in the animal remains and in the art, which is so characteristic of 

 Aurignacian and Magdalenian times. 



As the "Lower Eodent" layer of Mousterian times is referred to the 

 Second Maximum of the Fourth gfaciation and the period of most intense 



S0 Boule, M. : "L'Homme Fossile de la Chapelle-aux-Saints," L'Anthropol.. Vol. XIX, 

 pp. 519-525. 1909. 



