OSBORN, REVIEW OF THE PLEISTOCENE 



305 



the cheeks, on the chin, on the shoulders, flanks, abdomen, etc. A broad 

 fringe of this long hair extended along the sides of the body as depicted 

 in the palaeolithic sketches from the Combarelles Cave discovered by 

 Capitan and Breuil in 1901. Especially interesting is the food found 

 in the stomach and mouth, which consists of a meadow flora such as 

 characterizes this region of Siberia at the present day, thus appearing to 

 disprove the theory that the climate was milder than that now prevailing. 

 Xor does it appear that it was more frigid, because there are few repre- 



PiG. 18. — The hairy mammoth (Eleplias prim i genius) and Palwolithic man (Homo 



neanderthalensis) 



Restored by Charles R. Knight under the direction of the author, 1914. Original in the 

 American Museum of Natural History, New York City. 



sentatives of tundra vegetation. Grasses (Graminece) and sedges (Cy- 

 peracece) predominate. There were also wild thyme (Thymus), beans 

 of the wild oxytropis (O.vytropis compestris) , seeds of the alpine poppy 

 (Papaver), and the boreal variety of the upright crowfoot (Ranunculus 

 acer), all still found in this region. 



Woolly Rhinoceros. — The woolly rhinoceros (T). antiquitatis, D. tich- 

 orhinus) is distinctly a cold-weather, or tundra form and the invariable 

 companion of the mammoth. Like D. merckii it has no front, or cut- 

 ting teeth hence it has been improperly considered as related to this spe- 

 cies, but it really belongs to the modern African group of Diceros (Ate- 



