524 Examination of the Pali Buddhistical Annals. [July, 



The Khuddakanikdyo consists of fifteen sections, by being divided into Khud* 

 dakapdtan, Dhammapadan, Uddnan, Ittuwattakan, Suttanipdtan, Windy awatt hit, 

 Petawatthu, Theragdthd, Therlgdthd, Jdtakan, Widdeso, Patisambhidd, Apa- 

 ddnan, Buddhawanso and Chariydpitako. 

 This is called " Suttanta Pitako." 



The Dhammasangho, the Wibhango, Dhdtukathd, Puggalo, Kathdwattu, Ya- 

 malcan and Patthdnan. These were called the " Abhidammapitako." 



In regard to the Winayo, it is said, Wiwidha wisesanayattd ; Winayanatochewa 

 kdyawdchanan winayatthawidtihi ay an Winayo " Winayoti" akkhdto. 



This Winayo, is called " Winayo" by those versed in the Winayo, because 

 it comprises various conflicting doctrines as well as controls the acts and words 

 of men. " Various" because the Pdtimokkhd comprises five classes of Uddeso 

 and the Pdrdjiko is only the first of a collection comprising the seven A'patti. 

 It has (separate) M&tika (indexes) containing conflicting rules in the Wi- 

 bhango and other sections, as well as " subsequent" or " supplementary" rules of 

 opposite tendencies, both of increasing strictness and of modifying laxity. 

 Moreover, from its prescribing rules for controling the misconduct of men, 

 in deed as well as in word, it thence " controls the acts and words of men," and 

 on that account, it being both " various" and " conflicting" and as it " controls 

 deeds and words," it is called " Winayo." For this reason this designation was 

 adopted as expressive of its contents. 

 In regard to the Suttdni, it is said : — 



Itaranpana, Atthanan, suchanato ; stiwattato pasawanatuthd, sudanato, suttdnd 

 mttasabhdyatocha suttan, " suttanti" akkhdtan. 



The next : the suttan is called suttan from its precise definition of rights ; 

 from its exquisite tenor ; from its collective excellence, as well as from its 

 overflowing richness ; from its protecting, (the good) and from its dividing, as 

 if with a line. 



Here, " It precisely defines" by its distinguishing one's own rights from 

 those of other persons. " It has an exquisite tenor" from its having been pro- 

 pounded in a strain profitable to those subject to the control of Winayo. It 

 is stated, that it possesses " collective excellence" because it collects together 

 its contents, like a harvest-produce is gathered. It is said " it overflows" be- 

 cause it is like unto the milk streaming from a cow. It is said " it protects" 

 because it is a safe-guard. It is said " it divides as with a line" because as 

 the line (suttan) is (a mark of definition) to carpenters, so is this (suttan, a 

 rule of conduct) to the wise. In the same manner that flowers strung together 

 on a line are neither scattered nor lost, so are the precepts which are herein con- 

 tained united by this (suttan) line. 



For this reason, this designation was adopted as expressive of the nature 

 of its contents. 



In regard to the Abhidhammo, it is said : — 



Ye ettha wuddhimantd salakkhand piijitd, parichchhinnd wuttddhi kdcha 

 dhammd ; " Abhidhammo" tdna akkhdto. 



In this case, be there any " dhammd" profound in import, glorious in form, 

 celebrated by their renown, and divested of ambiguity, and worthy of being 

 designated '« adhi," thence they would be called " Abhidhammo." This word 



