1837.] Examination of the Pdli Buddhistical Annals. 727 



Second Convocation. 

 It is stated in the account of the first convocation on the Winayor 

 that, in the first place, this question was asked by the venerable Maha'kas- 

 sapo. " Belo'Li, Upa'li where was the Pdrdjikah first propounded?" and 

 that after other prescribed interrogatories, he questioned him as to its import, 

 its origin, and as to who the party concerned was. 



In the course of that discussion, most fully illustrating (the Pdrdjikan) even 

 from the cause that gave rise thereto, it was set forth by the beloved Upa'li, 

 who was desirous of explaining every circumstance connected therewith, speci- 

 fying even by whom it was originated, and by what circumstances it was 

 occasioned, beginning with, " At that period the sanctified Buddho was 

 dwelling in Weranjd" and the rest that appertained (to the Pdrdjikan). 



It must be distinctly understood that this was thus spoken by the beloved 

 Upa'li at the first convocation, (it did not originate at the second con- 

 vocation). From this quotation alone, it is satisfactorily shewn, by whom 

 and when this was said. If it be asked in this place — "Why is this adverted to 

 here? — the answer is, with whatever object that " Niddnan" may have been 

 investigated by the venerable Maha'kassapo (at the first convocation) 

 with the same object in — of thoroughly illustrating that " Niddnan 1 ' — it is 

 begun now also from the commencement with the words, "It is so said by 

 him (Buddho)." Be it understood, however, that when these words were spoken 

 by the beloved Upa'li even at the first convocation, it was admitted to be a 

 quotation (Buddho not being then alive). 



By the foregoing it being sufficiently explained by whom, when, and on what 

 account, (the Winayo was first propounded in convocation) the details whereof 

 will be found in the respective Mdtika, it now remains for me to afford these 

 further explanations. 



1st. By whom it was received* (from Buddho). 



2ndly. By whom it has been handed down. 



3rdly. Where it was authenticated. 



For the purpose of explaining these points the passage, " At that period the 

 sanctified Buddho was dwelling in Weranjd — '* and other similar passages, of 

 which the Niddnan of the Winayo is composed, having been quoted, it was duly 

 set forth — by whom it was received, by whom it was handed down and where it 

 was authenticated, beginning from the very commencement, thus: " From the 

 mouth of Bhagawa' himself, it was received by the venerable Upa'li; and 

 from his mouth, both before the Parinibbdnan of Tatha'gato by many thou- 

 sands of Bhikkhus who had obtained the six Abhinnd, and after the Parinibbdnan 

 of Thata'gato, by the th£ros who had held the (first) convocation on 

 Dhammo, having Maha'kassapo for their chief." 



By whom was it handed down ? 



In Jambudipo, commencing first from the th^ro Upa'li it was perpetuated, 

 whatever that interval might be, to the period of the third convocation, 

 through a generation of A' 'chdriy a. Hence the appellation of the " Achariyan 

 generation" or generation of preceptors. These were the five victors over sin ; 



* Literally " upheld" as a burden is sustained which is passed from one per- 

 son to another, without being set down. 



