1837.] Udayagiri and Khandgiri in Cuttack. 1081 



The concluding words of the first line are clear in import though 

 slightly erased . . kalingddhipa tirdsi sikhira avalonam, . . "by him (was 

 made) the excavation of the eighty-three rocky peaks of Kalinga 

 dwipa." If objection be taken against reading dhipa as dwipa, by 

 altering the rd to nd, we shall have the preferable reading — Kalinga- 

 dhipatind-dsi sikhar avalonam, — ' by him the king of Kalinga, fyc. ivas 

 this rock excavation (made) ;' — avalonam is formed from the word ^T«f 

 before explained. 



The second and third lines, owing to the same projecting ledge of 

 stone which has so fortunately sheltered the upper line from the de- 

 structive influence of the rain through so many ages, are equally well 

 preserved. In Roman characters they maybe thus transcribed: — Pan- 

 darasa vasdni siri-kadara-sariravatd, kidita-kumdra-kidikd, tato lekha- 

 rupa-gana-ndva-vapdra-vidhi-visdradena sava-vijdvaddtena navavasdni, 

 hota raja pansdsivase, puna chavavisati vase ddnava-dhamena sesayovend- 

 bhivijayo tatiye Kalinga-raja-vansa-puri sanyuge, mahdrdjdbhisechanam 

 pdpunati. For the sake of further perspicuity the same passage here 

 follows in pure Sanskrit, which requires very slight alteration : 



^tw^^k *roar fl^KTSf if*?^^ii sr^Tfw i 



" (By him) possessed of a comely form* at the age of fifteen years, — 

 then joining in youthful sports, — afterwards for nine years engaged 

 in mastering the arts of reading and writing, arithmetic, navigation, 

 commerce, and law ; — and resplendent in all knowledge; — (the for- 

 mer raja being then in his eighty -fifth year) thus at the age of twenty- 

 four, full of wisdom and uprightness and on the verge of manhood (lit. 

 the remainder of youth) (through him) does a third victory, in the 

 battle of the city of the Kalinga royal family, sanctify the accession 

 (anointment) of the maharaja." In this the only doubtful points to 

 my mind are whether Vijaya should be understood as ' victory' or as 

 a proper name, Vijaya the third, (yo is written po in the text:) — ■ 

 and whether sesha yovena (S. yauvanena) should not be aseshayodhena, 

 * having a numerous army.' The immediate consequence of his acces- 

 sion is related in the next passage ; 



Abhisitamato vapadhammavase vatavihatato pura-pdkdra nivesam patj- 

 sankhdrayati. 



* Kadura sarira signifies ', tawny body :' — Sri kaddra again may denote ' the 

 servant of Sri',' the goddess of beauty. 



