FOREST AND STREAM. 
89 
■wings float in the air, that they are of interest to the fly- 
fisher—as he seeks to deceive the finny tribe with their im¬ 
itations, made of feathers, tinsel, and mohair. Insects are 
enfeebled at all changes in their life, and at each successive 
moult when the pupa case is broken, too weak to keep 
guard, they flutter and rest on the water an instant before 
flitting away. At this instant many are seized by the wary 
fish. Insects leave the water mornings and evenings, par¬ 
ticularly the latter, rarely at midday, never during rain 
storms or heavy winds. It is at these times, when they are 
leaving the water, their imitations are used to most ad¬ 
vantage. It is that insect floating off into a new element 
that the fish are watching and waiting to feed on. At 
other tin es you may cast with success your favorite ‘brown 
hackle’ with its golden ribs nud steel trick bone—the bland 
rofessor—the modest queen of the water, or the grizzly 
ing with his gray locks and flamiugsword. Things which 
resemble nothing in the heavens above, the earth beneath, 
or the waters under the earth: why fish take these, whether 
from curiosity, or by way of dessert, no one perhaps will 
ever know, not fully understanding the nature of the fish. 
But there is one thing we do know, that when the countless 
myriads of these tiny creatures are entering a new life in 
untried regions, the favorite flies will be tlirowrt in vain. 
The fish will regard with contemplative indifference every 
other lure but a close imitation of that particular insect, 
One evening we sat on the bank of a creek, bug net in 
hand, watching the trout and the birds of the air feeding 
on a neusopterous insect that is constantly repeating the 
cycle of its life, 
•As yet unknown to fame. 
And guilUtiBS of a Latin name.’ 
The stream was in eddying whirls of ripples from the con¬ 
stant ‘leaping’ of the trout, Now and then one bolder than 
the rest would dash out of the water its full length to seize 
its departing prey, which sometimes escaped to become a 
precious morsel in the mandibles of a watehiDgbird. Many 
of these insects would float on with the current, never able 
to untold their soft creamy wings, and become etisy victims. 
On the opposite bank was an angler. For an hour in 
patience he whipped the stream, now up, now dowu, with 
‘red hackles,’ ‘white hackles,' ‘black hackles;’ he changed 
fly after fly in vain. At length he folded his rod and 
passed away amoDg the shadows of the night, without so 
much as a bite, without so much as a chance to tell of the 
hig fish ‘hooked’ but lost. 
There are many aquatic iusects double brooded, or under 
favorable circumstances, of a succession of broods. Im¬ 
itations of such can be used throughout the summer 
months. There are many insects that do not breed in 
water, yet are successful baits. As a rule, insects that ap¬ 
pear in large numbers, whether they belong to land or 
water, are the proper ones for imitation. Solitary speci¬ 
mens, although dear to the heart of an entomologist, are 
eyed by the fish with haughty indifference, Wuter is a great 
attraction for all insect tribes. The banks of streams con¬ 
stitute the favorite hunting ground for insect collectors 
Where they compete with the fish, those practical ento¬ 
mologists, in collecting. Some insects come to drink, 
others in search of prey, for insects are cannibals, while 
very many are the sport of the winds. It is probably the 
bright sheen of the water that draws the fluttering moths into 
its depths. All nocturnal insects have a strange infatuation 
for glistening light. What the attraction is for some is 
beyond the ken of mortals. A Tipulida bibi'i marci, or in 
piscatorial language, the hawthorns fly, au insect whose 
life is beneath the surface of the earth eleven months Of 
every year, comes crawling, creeping out of the ground on 
warm June mornings apparelled in new livery. After rest¬ 
ing a while on low herbage, all, as if guided by one im¬ 
pulse, fly to the nearest stream. We have kept these in¬ 
sects for weeks in confinement, and they would neither eat 
nor drink. Bnt every morning for hours they congregate 
over streams; keeping time with the ripple of the water, 
they hold a May dance; darling hither and thither, occa¬ 
sionally toucliiug the water to go down with the current, or 
else down the throat of a fish. When these bright crea¬ 
tures arc holding high carnival above, the trout positively 
refuse o'her enticement. The larvaj of moths iB a favorite 
fish food, and consequently successful bait. Hibernating 
larvae are drawn from their retreats in warm spring days, 
and continue the pilgrimage they commenced the previous 
fall. In their wild jourueyings on and on before spinning 
the pupa shioud, they fall victims in attempting to cross 
streams. Hairy caterpillars feeding on the trees are blown 
off by the winch, or their silken thread is broken, as they 
hang under the leaves in shelter from the rain. Imitations 
of these known to the American by the familiar term ol 
hackles, and to the accurate inhabitant of the British Isles 
by the correct name of palmers, are to be used after winds 
or during rain storms; also that compromise between larval 
and Imagine knuwn as the hackle fly Bristling with feet 
its entire length, and graced with a pair of wings, it offers 
a double attraction to the fish. There has no bait ever 
been used that has given the general satisfaction of this 
anomaly. To look at it with the eye of a naturalist one 
doubts the wit or wisdom of the fish that takes it, and con¬ 
cludes there are comparative degrees of saneness oeneath 
the ripple of the wave, it is a common remark that fish 
will not ‘bite’ before raiu. Some have accounted for it by 
bringing forward that common scapegoat for all unexplain¬ 
able phenomena, electricity. I can't understand why fish 
should dread a sprinkling of rain drops. The reason prob¬ 
ably is, that tbeir food is never offered at such times. The 
natural instinct of the insect forbids tbeir leaving the 
water or fl>ing abroad if rain is threatening. The spira¬ 
cles or breathing pores are situated on the outside of the 
body near the insertion of the wings. They are soon 
clogged and closed up by the water, and the down washed 
from their bodies; their wings draggle and become power¬ 
less, and they suffocate flying in mid a.r. This is the reason 
winged insects on touching water drown so easily. Insects 
do not invariably appear at the same times. A cold Bpring 
will retard tbeir development for months, while an un¬ 
usually warm spring or summer will hasten their appear¬ 
ance, Insects in the water are the most afflicted by 
changes of temperature. Any guide for a fly-fisher would 
he almost useless unless this important point is remembered. 
.English works can never become positive authorities for 
our climate. Insects which appear there in vast quanti¬ 
ties are rare here, and vice versa. Home that are single- 
brooded there are double brooded here. Some that appear 
there in one month visit us at another, while we have many 
alluring baits here that the classic waters of the British 
Isles would regard with bewildering amazement." 
This subject we shall continue in a scries of articles to 
follow. 
GAME PROTECTION. 
Game Prelection tn Canmln. 
Great dissatisfaction having existed among the settlers of 
the back townships of Peterborough County on account 
of the game laws being enforced, a committee of the 
Peterborough Pish and Game Society visited tlio village of 
Apsley on the 17th inst., and at a meeting held in the 
Town Hall, the chair being occupied by Mr. Golborne, 
Reeve of the Municipality, J.Ludgate, President of the 
Society, and Major Boulton, first Vice President; Win. 
Eastland, second Vice President; E. H. D. Hall, Solicitor; 
and R. Walton, member of central committee, addressed 
the meeting, explaining the object of the society, and 
fully satisfied those present that it was to their interest to 
co-operate with the members of the society, and endeavor 
to put a stop to the slaughter of game out of season. We 
have a very interesting letter from Mr. Eastland describing 
his trip, which will appear in our next issue, On the 25th 
another meeting was held in the Town Hall, and an associa¬ 
tion to be known as the Apsley Fish and Game Protective 
Society was formed. James Golborne, Esq., was elected 
President; Hr. W. S, Clegg, Vice President; and J. I). Mc- 
Ilmoyl, Secretary and Treasurer. The following gentle¬ 
men were elected as a Committee: Messrs. A. Brown, 0. 
Regan, W. Hales, F. Middleton, Geo. Kempt. «The annual 
meeting of the County of Peterborough Fish and Game 
Protective Association was held on Wednesday evening 
March 1st. The Secretary’s report showed that 
“Not. only has the society done n eood work in onr own comity tiy pre¬ 
venting much illegal hunting and fishing, but by improving every oppar 
tunity of making known onr movements, and urging through the Prt es 
the necessity of having similar association! in every eonntv in the Do¬ 
minion. The consequence has been the formation of the following 
societies in this Province: The "Gnelph Fish Protective Associa'ion,” 
the united counties of Prescott and Russell Fish and G lnio Protective 
Socie'y. the “Ontario Fish and Game Protective Association," cite Lon¬ 
don District Fish and Game and Insectivcrona Birds Fr"tecttve So¬ 
ciety. 
The formation of those associations it is hoped, is but the Kflclens of a 
net-work of similar societies through the whole conntry, from which 
Provincial Game Protective Associations will no donht he formed, and 
being represented by practical sportsmen and fish cultnrists from all 
parts of the Provinces, they would prove the true medium through 
which we might approach Parliament in seeking any alterations or 
changes In the dsh and game lawB of the country." 
Mr. Ludgate was re-elected President, and Major Boul¬ 
ton and Mr. Eastland, Vice Presidents. Mr. Post having 
stated that he found the duties of Secretary-Treasurer too 
onerous, was appointed Corresponding Secretary with Mr. 
J. E. Hammond as Recording Secretary, and the Rev. V. 
Glementi as Treasurer, Messrs. E. J. Toker, R. Walton, 
G. Edroison, H. T. Strickland, and G. M. Roger were 
elected for (he Central Committee, and several names wero 
added to the existing General Committee. 
—A bill has been introduced into tbe Assembly of 
Frederickton, N. B,, to prevent the killing of moose, cari¬ 
bou, and deer in the province for three years, 
Game Laws of Pennsylvania. 
The following is an abstract of the bill amending the 
game laws of the State of Pennsylvania* as passed by the 
Legislature on the 8th inst. It will be found to contain a 
number of changes from that in force up to this date. 
Seotion 1. Provides that no person shall kill or pursue in any part of 
the State, any elk ©r wild dear, save ouly from ihe 1st day of Oct. in 
any year* to the 1st day of Jan. next following; no person shall huvo in 
his or her possession, or offer for sale or transport, any elk. or wild deer, 
or fresh venison, save only from the 1st day of Oct. in any year, to the 
1st day of January next following; no person shall at any time kill any 
fawn, when in its spotted coat, or have the fresh skin of any such fawn 
in bia or her possession; no person shall pursue any elk or wild deer 
with dogs in any part of this State, or shall kill in the water any elk, or 
wild deer, or fawn, which has been driven thereto by dogs. Any person 
offending against any of t.ho provisions of this seciion shall bo deemed 
guilly of a misdemeanor, and shall be liable to u penalty of fifty dollars 
for each elk, wild deer, or fawn so killed, pursued, or trapped, or fresh 
elk, wild deer, or fawn skin had in his or her possession, and may be 
proceeded against in any county of the Slate wherein he may be arrest¬ 
ed having lhe same in his or her possession; provided, however, that any 
person may Sell or have in his or her possession the elk or wild deer 
aforesaid between the 1st day of January in any year, and the let day oT 
February next following, withont liability to the penalty herein imposed 
—provided he shall prove that such game, if killed in this fcataui, was 
killed within the time allowed by this act, or was killed outside the lim¬ 
its of this Slate, and at some place where the law did not prohibit such 
killing; dots pursuing elk, or wild deer, or fawns, may' be allied by any 
oerson, and any connablc, or olher town official may kill un.v dni; that 
habitually pursues elk, wild deer, or fawns, aud other owner of euoh dog 
shall be liable to a penalty of ten dollars for each elk, wild deer, or rawn 
killed by such dog. 
8eo. 2. No person shall kill or expose to sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession, after the Bame has been killed, anv gray, black, or 
fox equlrrel between the 1st day of Jan. and tue 1st day of July In each 
vear. under a penalty of fire dollars for each and every squirrel so 
killed or had la possession. 
Sec. 3 No perean shall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession after the same ha-tbeen killed, any bare, coimnouly 
called rabbit, between the 1st day of Jan. and the 1st day of Oct. iu any 
year, under a penalty of five dollars for each and every hare or rabbit so 
killed or had iu bia possess!on; no person shall hunt, or cmine, or per¬ 
mit the hunting of naresor rabbits with a ferret, or lerrets, under a peu- 
alty of ten dollars for each and every hare or rabbit caught oi killed by 
means of a ferret or ferrets. 
Section 4 prohibits the use of swivel or punt guns. 
Sec. 5. No person shall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession after the same has been k»Ued, any wild turkey, or 
any wood or summer duck between tbe 1st oay of Jan. and the 1st day 
of Oct. m any year, under a penalty of ten dollars for each bird 60 killed 
or had in possession. 
Sec. t). No person shall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his oi her possession after the same has been killed, any upland or grass 
plover, be ween the 1st day of Jan. and the loth day of August iuauy 
year, under a penalty of ten dollars for each bird so killed or had in 
possession. 
Sec 7. No person shall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession after the same has been killed, any woodcuck, be¬ 
tween the 1st day of Jan. and tbe 1st day of August in any yeur, under 
a penalty of ten dollars for each bird so killed or had in possession. 
Sec. 8. No person shall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession afler the same hay been killed, any quail or Vir¬ 
ginia partridge, between the 1st day of Jan. and the; 1st day of Nov, in 
any year, under a penalty of ten dollars for each bird so killed or had in 
possession. 
Sec. 9. No person Bhall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession aFter the Bame has been killed, auy ruffed grouse, 
commonly calledpheasaut, or pinnated grease, commonly called prairie 
chicken, between the 1st day of .Tan. and the 1st day of Oct. m auy year, 
under a penalty of ten dollars for each bird ea killed or h$d. in posxeB- 
sion. 
Sec. 10. No person shall kill or expose for sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession after the.aame has been killed, any rail bird or rued 
bird, except in the months of Sept., Oct., and Nov., under a penalty of 
live dollars for each and every rail and reed bird so killed or had m pos¬ 
session. 
Sections 11, 12, and 13 refer to the capture of insectiv¬ 
orous birds, taking eggs, etc, 
Seo, H. No persoq sfyill kill, patch, or discharge any firearms at any 
wild pigeon while on its nesting ground, or break up. or In any manner 
disturb such nesting ground or the birds therein, or discharge any fire¬ 
arms within one-fourth of u mile of such nesting place of any wild pig¬ 
eon or pigeons; or shoot at, maim, or kill any wild pigeon or pigeons 
wlthiu their roostings, under a penalty of twenty dollars.' 
Section 15 prohibits the trapping or nesting of grouse, 
quail, woodcock* rail, or rabbits, except quail for propaga¬ 
tion, and then only with the written consent of the owner 
of the land, and only between December 20th aud February 
1st. Section 10 prohibits Sunday shooting, tbe penalty 
being $25, Section 17 prohibits the taking of trout save 
with hook and line, 
Sec. 18. No person shall kill or expose to sale, or have unlawfully in 
his or her possession aflat llie same has been killed, any salmon or 
ppucklud trotir, save only during fho ttioii tbs of April. May, Jnae. and 
July, und the first fifteen days of August, under a penalty of ten dollars 
for each nalmon or trout eo killed, or had in possession; but this section 
shall not prevent any person from catchlug trout with nets in waters 
owned by himself to stock other waters. 
Seo. )9. No person shall kill or expose for pale, or have unlawfully 
in his or her possession after tbe same has been killed, any lake iroat in 
Llie months of Dec., Jan., and Feb., under a penalty of ten dollars for 
each fi.-h. 
Sections 20 and 21 refer to trespassing and using nets, 
weirs, etc. 
Ssu. S3. No person shall at any time catch or kill in any of the waters 
of this State, save only with a rod, hook, and line or .scroll; and no per¬ 
son shall calch or expose for sale, or have in his or her possession after 
rite same has been kitted, any black bass, pike, or pickerel I.ncio Perce- 
da, commonly known as Susquehanna salmon, between the- 1st day of 
March and the 1st day of July, except alive for stocking other waters, 
under a penalty of ten dollars for each offence; provided, this section 
shall not apply to the waters of Lake Erie, except in the ponds on the 
Island or peninsula forming the north and east shores of the harbor of 
Erie. 
Sections 23 and 24 refer to netting trout, black bass, elc. 
Sbo. 25. Any jierron may sell or have in his or tier pos.-ession, any pin¬ 
nated gronvc, commonly Called prairie chicken; rnffed grouse, common¬ 
ly call d pheasant, and quail, or Virginia partridge, for a period of fifteen 
days (l&) after tee time limited for killing the same nai- expired, and 
shall nut tin liable to any peoaltv nnder litis act; provided, lie or she 
aliall prova that BUch birds were killed wltbtu the period allowed by this 
uct, or were killed outside of the limits of this State at some place 
where the law did not forbid the killing of the same. 
The remaining sections of tlie law refer to penalties, etc. 
Sku. 30. All acts or parts of acta which are inconsistent with this act 
are borohy repealed. 
—Wo have received a copy.of the Constitution and By¬ 
laws of the Forebt and Stream Sportsmens Club, of 
Scranton, Penn., of which Mr. J. El Shepard is President; 
Cornelius Smith, first Vice, and Dr. C. H. Fisher, second 
Vice President ; D. BwBrainard, Treasurer; andC. R. Smith, 
Secretary. The club has been in operation nearly a year; 
has nearly one hundred members, comprising many leading 
citizens; has leased several small lakes or ponds, and are 
stocking them with bass, and has accomplished much in 
preventing violations of the game laws. 
—The Legislature of Maryland has passed a law which 
prohibits Lite killing of deer in Garrett County save in the 
month of October, for five years. 
—The New York Association for the Protection of Game 
held its monthly mpeling last evening at the Hotel Bruns¬ 
wick. The following resolution, proposed by Mr. Roose¬ 
velt, was unanimously adopted;— 
Resolved, That in the opinion of the New York Association for the 
Protection of Game the law in relation to the capture of trpht permits 
them to be taken out ott the 15th of March, and that no prosecution will 
he brought by this association for any trout taken or offered for sale on 
tkuc day. 
Mr. Luddington rendered his report regarding the progress 
at Albany ot The association's Game hill, and said (hat it 
would probably be passed without difficulty, as the opposi¬ 
tion of Mr. Prince and other Senators was withdrawn. A 
uumber of cases of violations of the laws will be brought 
to trial on the first Monday in April .—Herald. 
THE KENNEL REGISTER. 
ECOGNIZING the want of such a book we some 
time since starled a Kennel Register, which has re¬ 
ceived the cordial support and endorsement of owners of 
Dnedog=. One of our contemporaries has seen fit to imitate 
us and start another, which, while if may be the “siucercst 
form of flattery," is likely to lead to confusion. There 
can be but one Kennel Register, and we leave it to the 
sportsmen of the country to designate which that shall be. 
We have no doubt as to their verdict, and we expect to 
continue the Register as long as a copy of Forest and 
Stream is issued. 
Our contemporary also offers to register dogs free. We 
confess that we cannot afford to do so, particularly as the 
dollar paid us is credited to the owner of Ihe dog registered 
on aocouut of the cost of a copy or copies of the Register 
when published in book form, the total cost of which we 
estimate will be two dollars. As Mr. Burges’ very excel¬ 
lent book into which our contemporaries’ pedigrees are to 
be incorporated costs four dollars, we consider the advan¬ 
tage, pecuniarily, to be decidedly in favor of our own. 
—The managing editor of this journal takes pleasure in 
acknowledging the courtesies extended to him by E. H. 
Jackson, of the Charleston Hotel; W. W. Palmer, of the 
Magnolia, St. Augustine, and George McGinley, of the 
Grand National, Jacksonville, Fla., while on his recent 
visit to the South. 
—Dog and gun licenses must form a very important item 
in the British budget. In 1875 licenses were taken out 
for 1, 253,008 dogs; being an increase of 75,806 from the 
previous year. The revenue received from this source 
amounted to £813,017, the tax being five shillings sterling 
for each dog. Large as are these figures, there tire probably 
thousands of dogs upon whom no license fee is collected. 
The tax on guns produced £72,139, and for game licenses 
£-100,505. _ _ 
— We desire to call the attention of onr readers to the 
unusual number of excellent articles in our present issue. 
Prof. Brown Goode’s paper on "Bermuda and i's Fish 
Market," ‘‘Metaphysics of Fly-Fishing,” ‘‘How Split Bam¬ 
boo Rods are Made," and Dr. W S. Webb’s letter on 
"Pneumonia, or Distemper in Dogs," are all worthy of es¬ 
pecial attention. 
