FOREST AND STREAM 
and the muscles and tendons are not attained by travel. 
Confinement and unskillful shoeing changes the anatomi¬ 
cal relations of the foot, and the best judgment of the 
mechanic is often taxed to correct the growing deformity— 
from unskillful shoeing. When a reasoning, skillful me¬ 
chanic is found the horse is safe in his hands, for he only 
preserves the normal shape of the hoof, and adjusts the 
shoe to protect it. 
The frog in the hoof of the horse is placed there for a 
particular purpose and should not be cut by the shoer. If 
this is allowed contraction and lameness will follow. The 
shape and weight of the shoe should be accommodated to 
the purposes for which they are designed. 'Tlicirack horse 
requires a shoe lighter and without corks, while the draught 
horse must have a heavy broad shoe with corks to enable 
him to obtain foothold and travel with the least possible 
Strain. The sporting horse should be shod lightly with a 
swell at the heel and toe; the best nails should be selected, 
and care used in clinching, for the casting of a shoe during 
the chase is of great inconvenience, and might throw the 
horse and jeopardize the limbs and life of the rider. 
CONCENTRATING CARTRIDGES AND 
CHOKE-BORES. 
I T is with much pleasure we are able to say to our brother 
sportsmen that at length a shot cartridge has been in¬ 
vented which is surely effectual iu preventing the too wide 
spreading of the charge at long range, and one which dis¬ 
tributes the shot evenly, and at the same time making a 
decidedly better penetrator than a loose .charge. We al¬ 
lude to the cartridges inven ted and manufactured by Messrs. 
Kay & Co., of Newark, N. J. There are few sportsmen, 
if any, who have given this subject more attention than 
we have, and we found many years ago that an ordinary 
gun would scatter the shot to such a degree that few, if 
any, guns could be depended upon to kill, surely, beyond 
a distance of from thirty-five to forty yards. It is true 
that a gun that wiil kill clean at forty yards, when held 
right, shoots as close as it is desirable to have a gun shoot 
for all ordinary upland shooting. Every skillful shooter 
knows that in quail, woodcock, and ruffed grouse shooting 
that at least eight birds out of ten are killed within thirty 
yards; one-half are killed within twenty-five yards, and very 
many are killed by snap shootiDg, in dense coverts, within 
twenty yards. Consequently choke-bore guns, or concen¬ 
trating cartridges, would not be as effectual and desirable 
for such shooting as loose shot from an ordinary gun for 
the reason that in shooting in such coverts with a choke- 
bore or concentrating cartridges the birds would cither be 
missed or so mutilated with shot that missing had been 
better. And if it was only for such shootiilg as the above 
that we needed a gun concentrating cartridges and choke- 
bores would be useless, but all shooters know that such is 
not the case. Owing to the increase of population in our 
country the draining of swamps and clearing of coverts 
game is becoming much mote difficult to approach, and 
that something is required to meet the emergency ; and 
then, for grouse shooting on the prairie after the 10th Sep¬ 
tember, for dnek shooting, for snipe shooting when the 
birds are wild, and for any kind of shooting outside of 
forty yards it becomes absolutely necessary that we should 
have something better than we have heretofore used, aud 
this important point has been attained in two ways, one 
by the choke-boring of guns, and the other by 1 lie inven¬ 
tion of the Kay concentrating cartridge. Some of our 
shooting friends who are using choke-bore guns for long 
range shooting speak in the highest terms of them, and if 
such guns will continue to hold their form so as to concen. 
trate the shot there will certainly be a great demand for 
them from those who do most of their shooting at long 
range. But the very important qualification of the con¬ 
centrating cartridges is that it enables the shooter to use 
the same gun for long or short range shooting. During 
our long-continued experienced in field sports we have 
thoroughly tried all the different styles of concentrators 
to be found, and about twenty-five years ago we had a 
machine concentrated, with which we thought cartridges 
could he made which would concentrate the shot, hut 
like all others which we had tried it- was a failure, (or 
with this and all other so-called concentrators which we 
have ever tried we could find no regularity in the distri¬ 
bution and penetration of the shot. Some of cartridges 
would not open at all, and consequently the load was lost. 
Some would break up in the gun, and then not be as effect, 
ive as loose shot. But last week we devoted a day to ex. 
perimenting with the Kay concentrating cartridge, and 
after full and careful trial of them we are fully convinced 
that we at length have a concentrating cartridge which we 
may entirely depend upon to do what is expected of it, 
viz., make an exceedingly close, uniform spread of the shot 
and deep penetration. We did the shooting with our 12- 
gaugc 7J to 30-inch Tolley gun; 40 yards; target 30 inch 
diameter; 3J drs. powder and l£ oz, shot, with the fol¬ 
lowing result: 5 shots with No. 9 shot, the. average was 400 
pellets; with No. 7 shot, the average 234; with No. 6 shot, 
160; with No. 4 shot, 84; with No, 2 shot, 68. 
Minnesota.— At the regular meeting pf the Rochester 
(Minn.) Sportsmen’s Club, March 4th, 1876, the following 
persons were elected for the ensuing yearG-. K. Saylor, 
President; Thomas Ireland, Vice President; L. E. Crane, 
Seoretary and Treasurer; A. M. Ellethorp, Aaron Ozmun, 
Executive Committee. The Club have a valuable library, 
and all the leading sporting papers are found on the tables. 
Thirty-four members are enrolled, among whom are found 
the best citizens. ...... 
GAME PROTECTION. 
—The residents of Prince Edwards Island have organ¬ 
ized a club for the protection of fish and game. 
—One branch of the Connecticut Legislature has passed 
a hill prohibiting, under penalty of $10 fine, the having of 
dead trout in possession between October 1st and April 1st. 
—A sportsman's club has been formed in Geneseo, to be 
known as tlie Genesee Sportsman’s Club. It starts with 
twenty members, all “good men and true,” and has for 
officers the following gentlemen-.—President, John Ror- 
bach; Vice President, M. Hawley Rector; Secretary, W. T. 
Howard; Treasurer, I. J. Statton. 
—The Mississippi Legislature has amended the Game 
Law which we printed last week, so that it is necessary to 
substitute the 15th of March for the 1st of April, 1st of 
May, and 15th of May wherever such dates occur. 
Our correspondent Von G., of West Meriden, Ct., urges 
the desirability of uniformity in the laws of the New En¬ 
gland States regulating trout fishing. He says;— 
"Tile season for trout fishing in Connecticut is now from 
April 15th until July 1st, and there exists much dissatisfac¬ 
tion amoug the lovers of the rod, for the reason that the 
pot fishers clean out the streams before tlie law is off, leav¬ 
ing poor pickings for those wlio respect and obey the laws. 
Some of our soundest sportsmen cluiin that the law should 
be the same in all the New England Slates, and that trout 
fishing should begin on the 1st of March. 
“Not a hundred miles from here is a brook iu which oc¬ 
casionally a few trout may be caught, aud on East day, one 
day before the law was off, a few young men and boys pa¬ 
trolled the banks of the stream all day determined to pre¬ 
vent the large number of pot. fishermen who usually con¬ 
gregate there, from fishing in the brook, and I understand 
they drove away from the stream no less than thirteen of the 
potters. IVell done! The Connecticut Sportsmen’s Asso¬ 
ciation will meet next mouth at Hartford, and 1 think there 
will be a larger attendance of sportsmen than ever, for all 
now see the necessity of obtaining good game laws Such as 
can be. enforced, or else the game aud fish in this State will 
soon be played out.” 
—The report of the Game and Inland Fishery Protection 
Society of Nova Scotia, contains the gratifying information 
that the steps taken by the Legislature for protecting wild 
animals and birds have been successful. The moose which, 
by reckless killing, had been nearly exterminated, are again 
becoming numerous, aud by the time the present law ex¬ 
pires will have recovered from the effects of over-hunting. 
This is the ease not in one or two localities only, but all 
over the Proviuoe, and districts once celebrated as favorite 
haunts of the moose piomise to become as good hunting- 
grounds as ever they were. While the people, as the re¬ 
port says, are becoming more accustomed to the law, and 
more ready to acknowledge the wisdom of Us provisions, 
and the necessity for its euactment, measures will never¬ 
theless have to be devised to prevent the wholesale slaughter 
of the moose after the present prohibitory law expires, as 
all the good done during the three years close lime may be 
speedily undone. Some restrictions will have to be placed 
on the number of animals killed by any hunting parly, and 
these restrictions will have to be enforced as strictly as the 
actual law. There are now 38 wardens to enforce the law, 
and the Government pays the cost of prosecution when the 
offenders are too poor to pay. The reluctance of witnesses 
to give evidence in court is a serious obstacle to prosecution 
for offenses. 
—At the meeting of the Livingston Sportsmen’s Club, 
held Monday night, a letter was read from Henry Knapp, 
who has been engaged by the club to secure birds for the 
State shoot, stating that he was in Buffalo waiting for the 
flying birds to settle, that they would probably settle either 
in Michigan or Pennsylvania, and as soon as there was any 
prospect of their settling he should start and commence 
work. The time for holding the Stale shoot cannot be an¬ 
nounced until the birds have been secured. One week's 
notice will be sufficient, however, as all the preparations 
will have been made .—Syracuse Standard. 
</ San Francisco, Cal., March iSOtU, 1870. 
Editor Forest and Strean:— 
I have, the pleasure to inform you that a sporting club Is about being 
formed Imre, chiefly for the protection of our game, hut also for the pur¬ 
pose of affording its members all proper, legitimate, and good facilities 
for the enjoyment of sport with the gun a: d rod. i have hut littte 
doubt that 1011 lo 150 persons will Boon be found who will Quite to form 
an effective association, and by paying t» enty dollars each for member¬ 
ship and one dollav moutbly, will raise a fund to carry out Its purposes, 
one or which will bo to improve a house aud premises already in exist¬ 
ence close to Lake Merced, aud flear the ocean, only about six miles from 
the heart of this city. There they will have rooms uud sleeping berths, 
aheds and stabling for vehicles and horses, aud a boat house on the 
shore of the lake, conveniently situated for then 4 use iu fishiug, etc. 
There will he no bar-room, but the members wilt carry their own provi¬ 
sions and what beverages they may desire. Of course they will have a 
custodian of the house and boats, etc., and probably a cook. Lake Mer¬ 
ced is already well stocked with salmon aud Lake Tahoe trout. It is a 
noble piece of water, well sheltered by hills, on tho ocean side mostly, 
uud is aoont two and a half miles in length by about half a wile wide. It 
may be said, indeed, to be two lakes connected by a narrow shallow small 
strait or passage, at one end nearest the sea, at which place and from 
which, it is separated only by a high hilt or large sand embankment. 
Along most of tho sides of the lake, near its shores, there is a specioa of 
reed which affords good refuge aud shelter for the flsh, atid near to 
which most of them are captured, either by bait fishing or trolling from 
a boat with a spoon bait. The baits- chiefly used are raw or balled 
shrimps, mussels, and sometimes tho earth worm and small fish. The 
spoon bait is a flashing twirl of gold on one side and silver on the other, 
with a triangle of small hooks. Sometimes for a while One mode of 
these kinds of fishing is successful, and sometimes tho other. Lost year 
a large number of bmh silver salmon aud Lake Tahoe or Trltfckee River 
trout were captured. The lake is replenished annually with these two 
sorts of fish, and this year we anticipate even better sport than we had 
last. The trout r-ngenerally larger in size than the salmon. They 
have ua access to the ocean, and the water of the lake is entirely fresh. 
Salmon in fresh Water will not attain to a great weight, but we are con¬ 
tented to have them in such water even only of a raodemle size. Onr 
acclimatizing society had leased the lake for the purposes of their ang¬ 
ling, but we expect they wlU amalgamate with the new club nbout to bo 
lfi5 
formed, to the mutual advantages of both societies. Att, at present, is 
rather in an embryo state, and I cannot give ^rou all (lie ptuticnlars of 
this new move, bnl majr soon be enabled to send yon a fuller and moro 
explicit account of onr arrangements and proceedings. 
E. >J. IIoOpbr. 
Elks for Blooming Grove Park.—A pair of live Cali¬ 
fornia elks {.wapiti) wei'O turned iuto the breeding-park at 
Blooming Grove last week. They were captured in the 
northwestern corner of Iowa, and arrived in good condi¬ 
tion, via,, Dunkirk and Erie Railway to Laxawaxen, from 
which place they were led by men fourteen miles to the 
Park. Mr. Luppelman, of Fremont, Ohio, their former 
owner, writes as follows to John Avery, Esq., President of 
the Association:— 
"iu answer to your inquiries regarding elks. They are 
dangerous in Ooiolier to strangers, but to tkeir keeper 
seemed always gentle; still it would lie advisable to be care¬ 
ful at that season of the year. A fence five feet high will 
keep them safely inclosed; 1 do not think there is any dan¬ 
ger of their jumping out. The cow bears but one calf at 
a birth; the one seut will calve in June. It is necessary to 
let them have access to waicr; they arc very fond of wad¬ 
ing, and plunging about to rid themsoives of flies during 
the summer, aud the larger (he range of ground they have 
the better for them, I have another pair I would dispose 
of ns my park is too limited in space for the number I have. 
Since I shipped to you, I lost a tine yearling cow. I think 
want of ranging room caused her death. Their food is 
any thing that a cow will eat.” 
—We take pleasure in announcing that Mr. Wakeman 
Holberton, so long known as a good sportsman aud artist, 
has secured an interest in the Sportsman’s Emporium, No. 
102 Nassau street, formerly Eaton & Co., and now Eaton, 
Holberton & Co. The business will hereafter receive his 
Whole attention, and he under his management, aided by 
Mr, Geo, B. Eaton. Mr. nolberton has long been known 
as a skillful ily-flsherman for black bass and speckled trout, 
and after an experience of many years in shooting and 
angling feels that he knows what sportsmen require. He 
is an expert in fly tying, and in that line has no superior. 
For a number of years he was in the employ of the cele¬ 
brated gun firm of W. J. Sym3 & Brothers, and has a 
thorough knowledge of guns, pistols, and everything con¬ 
nected therewith. The new firm, will, as before, continue 
to supply everything necessary to the complete outfit of 
sportsmen, both for the camp and field, and at the same 
time give more care and attention to guns, rifles, and fish¬ 
ing tackle. We hope all sportsmen will give them a call 
at their quarters, 102 Nassau street, to which they have re¬ 
turned. _ - 
She §ifie. 
THE INTERNATIONAL MATCHES. 
N OW that the organization of an Imperial British team, 
under the leadership of Sir Henry Halford, has been 
definitely abandoned, some of tbe small bore experts of 
England are turning their attention towards the possibility 
or advisability of organizing ail independent team on the 
plan of the Seotch and Irish. To be sure, the letter of 
Mr. Wells, Captain of the English Eight, to the Volunteer' 
Service Gazette, docs not look very favorable toward such a 
consummation, for lie says:— 
"I do not think, even if there were in the present case 
no special reasons against it, that any other country than 
our own is the fittest place for deciding the rifle superiority 
of any territorial divisions of our common country, be 
they those of England, Ireland, and Scotland, or of any of 
their respective counties. 
But apart from this consideration, I should say that, ow¬ 
ing possibly to a misunderstanding as to tTie nature of Ike 
invitation from America, the teams that will go from Eng¬ 
land and Scotland, aud to some extent, I believe, from Ire¬ 
land, though of this I am not so sure, would not represent 
the real shooting strength of these countries.” 
To Which he adds: “It is, I believe, notorious, that 
some of the best shots in Scotland are not to join the team 
which is to visit America.” Now, unless we are sadly mis 
informed, Mr. Wells is not only in error, but ho will find 
numbers who are ready to join issue, with him ou this 
p int. In fact, his remarks bear on their face the evidence 
of an effort to belittle any match which may be shot in 
tin's country, whether it may result in victory for the 
Scotch, Irish, or ourselves. Our English contemporary 
.mentioned above takes a very just and sensible view of ilia 
case, and considers that it would be an over-strained sftiJU. 
pulousness for the English riflemen to stand longer aloof. 
He Says:— 
“Such a course is certain to be misconstrued by tbfe 
Americans, and is, in fact, an implied censure on the (fish 
riflemen, who behaved with perfect loyally to the “L'n'Gd” 
scheme, until it was defeated by the action of the Scowl n 
To say that the Irish, who have two defeats to wipe out, 
would not send their best shots, is simply absurd. We 
have all along contended, aud do so still, that the presence 
of a British or Imperial team would add greatly lo the in¬ 
terest of the international matches; but since, through tho 
course of our own National Association in making the in¬ 
vitations general, that cannot be, we would most, heartily 
welcome an English team to compete with their Scotch 
and Irish brethren against their American cousins, or 
against all comers, tor the rifle championship of tho world. 
And we trust that among the small bore shots of England 
—and their name is iegiou—thero will yet he found a team 
Who arc willing to cut their leading strings aud act inde¬ 
pendent of those whose greatest opposition to their going 
lies in the fact of their being unable to have everything ar¬ 
ranged strictly according to their own views, 
