354 
FOREST AND STREAM, 
lion isfcy gills which are elegant in form and brilliant in¬ 
color. The body of the serpuia is short, the hard tube in 
which it lives in the sand being many times the length of 
the animal. Projecting from the tube may be seen a fan¬ 
like appendage most beautifully tinted with bands of red 
and white. This fan is the serpula’s gills, and aid it in 
procuring its food. If viewed with a magnifying glass, it 
will be seen that the exterior of the gill-tufts is covered 
with wonderfully delicate filaments or cilia which are con¬ 
stantly waving in regular ripples; by this movement a cur¬ 
rent is produced that brings in a multitude of minute ani¬ 
mals upon which the worm feeds. The serpulais furnished 
with an arrangement for stopping its tube when it wishe9 
to retire; this is a conical appendage developed from one 
of the little antennae which hangs from the tube, aDd is 
called the operculum. Oue specimen in my tank has two 
kinds of plants growing from its operculum. When first 
placed in the tank the serpulae are very sensitive, and pop 
into their tubes at the least jar. Near the surpulais shown 
the common shrimp, which is regarded as an excellent 
scavenger of the tank. The shrimps are so transp rent 
that I he food can be seen in the stomach, and we can almost 
trace the process of digestion. 
Attached to the lower part of the rock work are more 
of the brown, and some of the beautiful little white, ane 
mones. It is almost impossible to describe their form, as 
they are so changeable. At times hanging from the rock 
to which they are attached, the tentacles drooping like the 
petals of a withered flower, again the body stands erect, 
the tentacles extended to their utmost limit, and in con¬ 
stant motion. Suddenly a part of the body will be con¬ 
tracted as if a string had been drawn lightly around it, and 
sometimes there Will be two or three of these constrictions 
.at the same time. Again, they will assume the form of a 
rose, and one never tires of watching them. Some days 
they appear an opaque white, or cream color; an hour 
later we find them so nearly transparent that the interior 
divisions of the body can be clearly seen. 
At the lower left-hand corner is shown a mussel Modiola 
plicatula), and above it the soft clam {Mya arenaria). The 
black mu ssel (Mytilus edulis), is not shown in the drawing, 
but is a useful member of the aquarium family, as it lives 
upon the little ammalcul® that sometimes become so plenty 
in the tank as to obstruct the view. The star-fishe3 are 
curious and interesting, but are hardly safe for the a- 
quarium, as they are ravenous eaters, and will likely 
distroy the shell fish we most wish to preserve. They hare 
a singular way of feeding. Placing themselves upon the 
animal they wish to devour, the digestive sac is turned 
inside out so as to enclose their prey, and the animal is 
sucked from its shell. 
The hermit crab (Pagums longicarpm) is shown inhabit¬ 
ing the shell of a Tritia trivittata. These curious little 
crabs have no armor of their own, and so take possession 
of any mollusk’s shell that happens to fit them—usually 
one of the Buccinum family. The rock crab should not 
be introduced, unless it be a very small specimen, as they 
over-turn the rock work, and are blessed with an appetite 
that is never satisfied. The spider crab {Labinica canalicu- 
lata) t is interesting and less destructive. It loves to dress 
itself with bits of plant, or anything that comes handy, 
and then parades with as much evident satisfaction as any 
dandy. 
At the extreme right of the picture is shown a bunch of 
Fubulariu. This plant-like obj «ot, is formed of a number of 
lubes branching in ail directions; the end of the tube appears 
a flower, its petals closing and opening constantly. These 
heads live a few days, then drop from the stem to he re¬ 
placed by a new bead that may be seen slowly traveling 
up the tube. The sea-horse {Hippocampus Jiudsonius) is an 
other strange little animal that we should possess if possi¬ 
ble. Its natural food is the Serpulas which it sucks from 
the tubes, hut it will feed upon tue soft part of a shrimp, 
or clam. At the top of the illustration is shown a branch 
Serlu aria. In a picture of this kind only a faint idea can 
be given, as the beautiful little animals that have formed 
it toe scarcely discernible with the naked eye. 
Nearly all the animals we have named can be found on 
our own coast. Those who prefer to do so can purchase 
them of dealers. In conclusion we would say that the care 
of a marine aquarium can be only a source of pleasure to 
any oue who loves nature. These animals have been drawn 
from my own tank—a glass jar holding about twelve 
quarts of water. For many months it has supported 
twenty or thirty anemones, besides many other animals, 
and has always heen in a perfectly healthy condition. The 
only care required, was now and then a little fresh water 
to supply the evaporation. It. M. Shurtleff. 
CONNECTICUT RIVER SALMON. 
West Meriden, June 24. 
Editor Forest and Stream:— 
1 send you .iic follpwiug imerestiug item taken from the 
Hartford Courani and it will I think well repay those 
croakers at H.gunnum and at other places on the river to 
read it—and I hope they will be now manly enough to give 
our Fish Commissioners credit for the good work they are 
doing, and aid in the good cause instead of sneering at 
what they do not seem to understand:— 
“Not. so loug ago that, tradition does not still make the 
time fresh in recollection, sal ion so bothered shad fishers 
in drawing their nets that whoever bought a shad was re¬ 
quired to take a salmon, tun, ... Older to clear the market. 
But for years and years, there nas been no such thing as a 
Connecticut river salmon. Now, however, a real specimen 
of these fish has been caught at Middle Haddam by Mr, 
Thomas DoDallon in a gill net, and is on exhibition at 
Stevens’s market. It weighs nearly twenty pounds and is 
one of the most cheering things to look at in these bard 
times. It means that the work of the commission is not 
useless with regard to salmon, and it is a promise that 
there will be plenty of these delicious fish at our door be¬ 
fore long. The specimen is about a yard long and a beau¬ 
tiful fish, though really not so silvery as some of the 
enormous Kennebec ones that have been lately sold In im¬ 
mense quantities in this city. The fish was taken going up 
stream aDd is thought to be one of those planted iu the 
Farmington river six years ago. If this one lived others 
also should be in the river.” 
Let me add that it seems very strange that the Fish Com¬ 
mission should meet with so much opposition from those 
places on the Connecticut river that have the benefit of all 
the work done by the Commissioners, and I feel certain 
that some of the doubting Thomas’s will doubt even after 
the river is again filled with salmon, Von G. 
-♦**- 
—Mr. YYilmot has, we understand, been very successful 
in placing salmon fry in the rivers of the eastern provinces 
of Canada. The numbers distributed are:—Sackville river, 
Halifax county, 140,000; River Philip, Cumberland, 140, - 
000; Salmon river, Colchester, 15,000; East rivtr, Pie.tou, 
20,000; West river, Pictou, 10,0o0; Niddle Tiver, Pictnu, 
10^000; Musquodoboit river, Halifax, 20,000; Nine Mile 
river, Shad Bay, 10,000; Little Salmon river, Preston, 10,- 
000; Shubetiacadie river, 10,000; Gold river, 10,000. There 
are to be 5,000 retained at the Bedford establishment near 
Halifax, for experimental purposes. 
—On the 8th inst., S. S. Watkins again made his appear¬ 
ance at our Lakes with 7,500 more California salmon for 
these waters. Again on the 13th, the same gentleman iu 
company with several of the business men of Hastings and 
Red Wing, brought with them 6,000 of the land-locked fry. 
—Shakopee Argus. _ 
$jitnr<il §istorg. 
BIRDS OF LOWER MICHIGAN. 
BY A. B. COVERT, OF ANN ARBOR. 
{Continued from Page 318.) 
FAMILY PICID.B. 
/ Picus villosus. Hairy woodpecker. A common resident, 
breeding about May 1st. 
/ Picus pubescens. Downy woodpecker. Also common all 
the year. The eggs are laid about May 10th, and it some¬ 
times rears two broods in the season. 
/ Sphyrapicus rnrius. Yellow-bellied woodpecker. Resi¬ 
dent but not abundant. It breeds about May 1st. 
t Centurus carolinus. Red-bellied woodpecker. Resident, 
but very rare. The eggs are laid about J une 1st. 
/ ifelanerpes erythrocephalus. Red beaded woodpecker. 
Resident and common; breeds about April 20th. 
/ Colaptes auralas. Golden-winged woodpecker or flicker. 
This handsome bird is a very common summer, inbabitaut, 
arriving from the south by March 20th, it begins nesting 
by the first week in May. All are gone south by Nov. 1st. 
FAMILY STIUGJDA!. 
/ Bubo rirginianus. Great-horned owl. A common resi¬ 
dent. The eggs are laid from February 14th to March 20th. 
/Scops a do. Screech owl. The most common of all our 
owls, remaining throughout the year, and nesting about 
May 1st. 
/ Otus vulgaris. Long-eared owl. Resident, but not 
common, breeding from the middle of April to the last of 
May. 
/ Brachyotus palustris. Short-eared owl. Resident, and 
very common, nesting about the last, of May. 
/ Su rnium cincT.WP- Great grey owl. Resident, hut not 
common. One set of eggs was taken March, 1871. 
, Syrniwm nebulosum. Barred owl. Resident and common, 
breeding from the last of March to the middle of April. 
j Nyctule acadica. Acadian owl. Resident and tolerably 
common, breeding about the last of April. 
FAMILY FALCONIDA5. 
/ Circus cyaneus. Marsh hawk. Resident and common, 
breeding through May. 
■ Accipiter fuscus. Sharp-shinned hawk. Resident, hut 
not common. It breeds about May 5th. 
, Accipiter Coopert. Cooper's hawk. Very common all 
the year, breeding from the first to tire middle of May. 
/ Falco columbarius. Pigeon hawk. A very rare spring 
and fall visitor. 
j Falco sparverius. Sparrow hawk. This beautiful little 
hawk is a tolerably common summer visitor, arriving from 
the south by the last of March, breeding by the 10th of 
May, and departing southwaid the last ot October. 
, Buteo borealis. Red-tailed hawk. Resident and very 
common. The eggs are laid from the first to the middle of 
April. 
/ Buteo Unealus. Red-shouldered buzzard. A common 
resident. The young are hatched from the middle to the 
last of April. 
j Pandion halimtus. Fish hawk. A rare spring and fall 
visitor. 
v Halimtus leucocephalus. Bald eagle. Very rare, but resi¬ 
dent. One nest was taken February 14th, 1873. 
FAMILY CATHARTlD-rE, 
I Cuthmtes our a. Turkey bussard. Accidental from the 
south. One specimen was taken September 21st, 1874. 
—A movement is on foot for the organization of a work¬ 
ing club composed of the practical naturalists in this city 
and vicinity. The idea is not to make a “heavy” society 
of it, with a high-sounding name, but simply a means of 
of gathering together entomologists, ornithologists, 
microscospists, aquarium-students, botanists, and all 
others who are genuine workers in some branch of natu¬ 
ral history, and who are willing to tell others what they 
know, and learn from others what they do not. It has as 
yet taken no definite shape, but persons likely to be inter¬ 
ested will soon be called upon to attempt occasional meet¬ 
ings. 
THREE MIGRATIONS COMPARED. 
We owe to the thoughtfulness of Prof. Spencer F. Baird 
the possession of the following information. It is a list of 
the dates of the arrival at Hollis, in the southern part of 
New Hampshire, of fifty-six species of-migratory birds for 
three successive years. The author is AY. H. Fox, and 
the dates are as follows:— 
Name. 
Tardus migratorius. 
Mimas carolinensjs.. 
Hnvuorhynchus raftis. 
Sialia aialla...,, 
RegulaB aatrapa... 
Reeulus calendula. 
Mniotilta varlft.... 
Parula americana. 
Helmimhophaga rutieapilla. 
lielminthophaga celata.. 
Demlrceca ®;?t.iva.. 
Dendrceca virens. 
Pendraica cierulescens.. 
Dcudroeca coronat.a. 
Dendrceca blackbornUe. 
Dendrceca pcnneylvAnica... 
Dendrceca palmarum. 
Seinru.H fturocapilluB. 
Geothlypis trichaa. 
Sctophaga rnticilla. 
Pyranga rubra. 
ilirundo borreornm. 
Tachyciimta bicolor. 
Progne purpurea. 
Ampella cedrorura. 
Viren olivaceus... 
Virco flavifrons. 
Vireo solltiariua. 
Carpodacus purpnreus. 
Passerculus savanna. 
Ponecetes gramineus. 
Melospiza melodia. 
Spizella socialis. 
Spizella pusilla. 
Zouotrichia albicollis. 
Pa^serella illaca....__ 
Goniapbca Indoviciana. 
Dolichonyx oryzivorus. 
Agelsens plicefticens. 
MolotbruH pecorls. 
Sturnella magna. 
Qaiscalus purpureus. 
Icterus Baltimore. 
Tyraniius carolinensis. 
SayorniB Tuscan. 
Empidonax minimus. 
Astro-itomue voclferua. 
Cliordeiles virginianua..... 
Olueiura pelusgia. 
Ceryle alcyonc. 
Colaptes auratUB. 
Ecioplstes ruigratoriua.. 
Tnugotdcs raaculariuB. 
Ardea herodiaa. . 
Botaurus minor. 
. April 21_May S-. 
. May 10.... 
. May 10.... 
. April 21 ... April 14... 
. May JO.. 
* May 10 . 
. May 13.. 
. May 21 
. May 29.. 
. May 25... 
.. AprO 28 . 
. June 3. 
. May 8 
May 8 
. April 29 
. April 20 
, May IB 
. April 32 
. March il 
.. April 19 
.. |April 19 
AprU 23 
. April 5 
.May 16 
. May 10. May 10.|May 6 
. March 3_April 2... . March 7 
'May 6. April 2.April 11 
. j VI 'ii c I j 26.. . .. April 2I» 
...!...| March 20....| April 3 
... May 10 .... May 10.|Muy 6 
... May 11.|May 10.. .. May 3 
... I March 26... I March 31... I March 6 
. .1.. May lo.|May 4 
...May 15.May 11.1 May 6 
...IMay 22.May 11... . April 17 
...l May 9.I May 3.'May 30 
. •.. April 8.|April 15 
...'.April 15.... I March 26... April 13 
... April 6.(April 8. Aprils 
. April 15 .. Muy 4.|Apiil 8 
... .. April 17.... April 18 
...| May 13.1 April 17.... I April 13 
WHA.T ARE LUNGE? 
0( Brainkud, Minn., May 19 th, 1676. 
Editor Forest and Stream:— 
In your Issue of May 4th “Stanstead” has an article, in which lie tells 
us of fishing in the “eastern townships of Canadu,” and speaks of fish 
called “silver lunge, black lunge, and racer lunge/’ and says, “that in 
most of thelak.es several varieties of the lake trout or lunge were also 
found in large numbers. 1 * Will the writer kindly tell us what be is get¬ 
ting at, in writing of the lake tronc and calling It a , *lungei ni and what 
species of fish the "black, silver, aad racer lunge 11 are? That the mas- 
canonge (see Scott in “Fishing in American Waters,’’ page 277, and 
Frank Forester’s “Fish and Fishing,” page 151) belongs to one family 
of fishes, the lake trout to another, aud a widely different oue, will, I 
think, be granted by fishermen generally, and at this day and dale, 
when the lines dividing the different families of game fishes aud game 
birds are so rigidly drawn, it seems surprising that “Stanstead” or any 
one else should write of the “lunge or lake trout.” 
Iu the St. Lawrence and tributary Btreams, where I first “went a 
fishing,” 1 have often fastened to a mascanouge, or as they are called 
for short all over the Canadas fthc eastern townships not excepted) 
longe or lunge, and never yet in Canada, orin any other country, found 
“lunge”and trout of any kind plenty in the same waters. 1 claim to ho 
right in this matter. I know the woods and waters of the section refer¬ 
red to by “Stanstead.” The gentlemen whose names ho gives did not 
call atront a “lunge” in the days when I used to “knock around” with 
them. 1 have given my authority (needless though it may bo), and I 
know of no better to give. Haviland, 
The questions propounded in “Haviland’s" letter respect¬ 
ing the identity of tho “lunge” naturally occurred to our¬ 
selves, aud prompted us to write to our correspondent 
“Stanstead” Immediately upon the publication of his orig¬ 
inal article, requesting him to classify tlio several varieties 
of fish which he had named. Under his promise to do so 
(see letter printed herewith) we have deferred the publica¬ 
tion of any part of the correspondence until now; but 
nothing additional offerinc, we priDt such data as we have. 
There is no doubt that the fish referred lo all belong to the 
sal mo family. “Lunge” is simply a local misnomer{(like 
the substitution of partridge for quail or grouse), and 
“Haviland’s" objection rests on the dauger of confounding 
common terms, the word lunge being generally recognized 
as an abbreviation of the word mascalonge (Emx nobilior). 
A fixed nomenclature can alone reconcile these discrepan¬ 
cies and anomalies. 
Montp.saj., May Oth, 1876. 
Edxtoe Fobbst and Stbbam:— 
I received your posinl card on the gth, and I also received on the same 
day flconple of lunge from Mr. Hubbard, ot the Parks House, Magog. 
They wens caught In the lake near hie hotel. One was a flue specimen 
of the durk copper or black lunge, the other was a small, live-pound sli¬ 
ver lunge. Tho black lunge corresponds to the minutest particular with 
Dr. Hay's Sal me. confute, and the stiver Inuse auswers well to the de¬ 
scription of the Halmo nni/macush by Richardson. It might be taken 
for the Salmo adirondalus, nobis, of Morris' ‘'American Angler's 
Book,” bnt that tho Patino uUironttdkns, if described accurately in 
Morris' book, has no teeth on the vomer, white the specimen before me 
has quite a number of teeth there. In regard to classifying the different 
species or varieties of Stthnonidic that are found in the eastern township 
waters, I know of no one that has done this, and feel very diffident 
about attempting it myself, though I will endeavor to got specimens 
from the various waters there, aud with the assistance of Mr. J. Whit- 
oaves, of the Natural History Society here, 1 will prepare an article for 
you. STahstsad. 
A conger cel recently died in C. L. Jackson’s aquarium 
at Southport, England, and was dissected. It held ap 
enormous quantity of ova in two thick folds down each 
side of the body which together weighed seven pounds—* 
