GEOLOGY. Q3 



area, and before devoting myself to the direct object of this survey I 

 had to turn my attention to these necessary though unforeseen 

 preliminaries. 



It will therefore be readily understood that my arrangements 

 for accomplishing the intended object were impeded to avery great 

 extent not more by loss of time than by fresh considerations intro- 

 duced by the new map. 1 



CHAPTER II. 



Geology. 



The distribution of the rock formations is shown on the sketch- 

 plan. 



The crystalline rocks, — chiefly massive gneiss striking gener- 

 ally west-north-west and east-south-east — are 

 coloured pink on the plan and form the bottom 

 of a geological basin upon the uneven surfaces of which the Talchir 

 and over-lying rocks were deposited. 



The junction of the gneiss and Talchir rocks is plainly seen to 

 the south-east of Kiraruma, where it is trace- 

 able for some little distance to the south, and 

 also in the neighbourhood of Putrapali. 2 The only other Talchir 

 metamorphic boundary observed is the one shown to the north 

 of Malda in the Bonum nala. . But crystalline fragments are abun- 

 dant to the west of Balput, and massive gneiss is exposed near 

 the Lillari-Eeb confluence, therefore the boundary must be just 

 north of these points. 



1 As examples of the inaccuracy of the Topographical map I may mention — 



On Topographical sheet. Actual distance. 



From Durlipali to Lillari-Eeb junction, 6 miles . . 37 miles. 



From Durlipali to Bonjari-Sumra Road, 27 miles . . 36 miles. 



The Eeb river, south of Rampur (of the Map), is shown to be running due 

 south, whereas it runs west-south-west for two miles. The Bonum nala is most 

 incorrectly delineated. 



2 This last place it was impossible to fix on the Topographical sheet, and as 

 my own rough traverse does not include it, I cannot show its position, 



( 5 ) 



