STRATIGRAPHICAL FEATURES. '33 



closely allied to, if not identical with, Stephanocerus coronatum, Brug-, 

 a species also characteristic of the Kelloway. We may therefore con- 

 clude that at the very least 400 feet of the limestone mass in question, 

 but probably a still greater thickness, belongs to the middle Jurassic. 



Split shales. — The Spiti shales have been subdivided by Mr. Gries- 

 bach 1 into three divisions, which have also been adopted by Dr. Diener. 

 As to the fauna no details are yet available as the description of the 

 fossils, which has been entrusted to Prof. Uhlig, is not yet concluded. 

 The main results are however contained in some preliminary remarks 

 published by Diener 2 and are as follows : — 



(3) Upper Spiti shales, " Lochambel beds," Diener, most proba- 

 bly representing Berriasian, but possibly with affinities to 

 Tithonian and Valanginian. 

 (2) Middle Spiti shales, " Chidamu beds," Diener, full of concre- 

 tions containing ammonites. Upper Jurassic, probably 

 Kimmeridge. 

 (1) Lower Spiti shales, full of Belemnites gerardi, upper Jurassic. 

 Gieumal sandstone. — The Spiti shales pass gradually into the 

 overlying Gieumal sandstone, which therefore is proved to be of creta- 

 ceous age, in spite of the want of characteristic fossils. 



Before describing the cretaceous series in detail it will be well to 

 point out that there is a considerable lithological difference between 

 the cretaceous of Spiti and that of Johar. In Spiti calcareous bands 

 with fossils are met with in the Gieumal sandstone, which is overlaid 

 by a white limestone ("Chikkim limestone," Stol.) and calcareous shales 

 (" Chikkim shales," Stol.), whereas the cretaceous of Johar contains 

 but an inconsiderable admixture of calcareous deposits. It is almost 

 so'ely composed of sandstones and shales and bears a marked similar- 

 ity to the European flysch. 



Upper Flysch. — In the upper flysch the following lithological 

 divisions 3 can be distinguished (in descending order) :— 



-fi Red tuffs I thin bedded . . . A ,?' 



v la Green tuffs J (.150' 



1 Memoirs XXIII. 



2 Loc. cit. 



3 Compare plates I and 4. 



( 7 ) 



