70 MAN. 



or more, and it is very common to find them in connection 

 with human implements. 



Human skulls, weapons of stone, and stone mortars have 

 been found in the auriferous gravel or gold-drift from two 

 hundred to three hundred feet below the surface, along 

 with the remains of the mammoth and mastodon. 



Three evidences are herewith subjoined, as a farther 

 enumeration is not necessary : 



Dr. C. F. Winslow sent to the Boston Natural History 

 Society, in 1857, a fragment of a human cranium found in 

 the " pay-drift," one hundred and eighty feet below the 

 surface of Table Mountain, California, in connection with 

 the bones of the mammoth and mastodon. It was in the 

 same region of country where the human skull found by 

 James Matson was taken from a depth of a hundred and 

 fifty feet below the surface, and under five beds of lava 

 and four deposits of auriferous gravel. 



In the gold-drift of Kincaid's Flat, a stone mortar and 

 pestle, besides other implements, were found twenty feet 

 below the surface in connection with the bones of the 

 mammoth and mastodon. 



At Shaw's Flat, a stone bead of calc-spar and a granite 

 mortar, holding about a pint, were found along with the 

 bones of the mastodon in the gold-drift, about three hun- 

 dred feet from the mouth of the tunnel. 



The age of the gold-drift is referred by Profeseor Whit- 

 ney to the Pliocene, and consequently to that time preced- 

 ing the volcanic eruptions which once occurred over the 

 greater part of the State. 



In order to avoid the simple geological fact which places 

 man alongside of the mastodon of the Pliocene, in Cali- 

 fornia, a novel hypothesis has been resorted to. Briefly 

 stated, it is that these remains of man belong to prehis- 

 toric miners who had sunken shafts into these places. This 

 is inferred because supposed ancient shafts have been dis- 



