﻿3 



are on the submedian nervure, the 3rd median nervule, 

 and on the posterior side of the 2nd discoidal : but on the 

 anterior side of this last and on both sides of the subcostal 

 the feathers are white, reaching far up towards the cell, 

 and becoming impure towards the points ; on the hind 

 wings the central green patch scarcely extends beyond 

 the subcostal, and is further contracted by all the nervules 

 being widely black-bordered ; within the cell it gradually 

 becomes of that lustrous blue which marks the underside, 

 and this then gives place to the oblique edge of a trian- 

 gular patch of deep velvet black that reaches to the 

 thorax ; each of the nervures and nervules is bordered by 

 a spot exactly corresponding to those on the under surface 

 of the $ , only instead of being clear white, of a dingy 

 white brown ; beneath — the forewings differ little from 

 those of the <? , save that the white submarginal borderings 

 of the nerves are much larger, especially towards the tip, 

 where they exceed in size those of the upper surface ; 

 hind wings exactly as in <? , save that the fine blue at the 

 base of the costal is much reduced." 



" Head, thorax, and abdomen as in the $ , save that the 

 crimson of the prothorax is much suffused with black." 

 Hab. Perak. 



To these descriptions I may add the following ampli- 

 fications : — 



. Thorax above velvety black ; red pronotal collar of 

 prothorax a rich dark carmine, nearly 4 mm. wide from 

 the head, separated at its nearest to the head by a thin 

 line of black, like a fine streak in the upper part of the 

 collar, and thickest in the middle. The form of this red 

 band is as nearly as possible thus : — 



Eyes red brown. Thorax, beneath : — meso- and meta- 

 thorax with an oblique band or bar of rich crimson, each 

 following the line of the respective femorse of the legs ; a 

 small spot or tuft of red at the base of the abdomen, on 

 each side — the sides of pronotal red collar also extending 

 to within nearly 2 mm. of the haustellum ; the red bands 

 extend over the base of the posterior wings. Abdomen of 

 a nearly uniform greenish-bluish silky black, the anal 

 valves beneath of the same colour as are the eyes. The 

 abdominal fold is larger than in most species of Papilios 

 or Ornithoptera ; is about 4 mm. wide, and nearly 19 mm. 

 long, and if unfolded would measure nearly 13 mm. across. 

 Unlike the folds of the other subgenera, it is also of the 

 same brilliant green as on the middle of the secondaries ; 

 it is raised above the general level of the wing, and flat- 

 tened on the surface. The fringe of all the wings is of a 

 fuscous white, more sharply defined on the underside, so 

 as effectively to relieve the marginal black border of the 

 secondary wings. The neuration is not so robust as in 

 other groups, especially on the Secondaries, but is more 

 graceful and prolonged. The discoidal cell of the Primaries 

 occupies considerably more than half the length of the 

 wings — of the posterior wings very narrow by comparison 

 with other species. The underside of the abdominal fold 

 is silky ruddy brown, or the colour of the eyes. Length 

 of the costa of Primaries in the first 84 mm. ; width of 

 wing 40 mm. ; length of Secondaries 42 mm. ; width 



35 mm. ; of abdomen and antennae 33, and of thorax with 

 head 21 mm. ; of 



[1st pair — femora 11 ; tibia 8 ; tarsi 13 mm. 

 Legs j 2nd ,, ,, 13; ,, 11; ,, 17 mm. 



(3rd ,, ,, 8; ,, 10; ,, 18 mm. 



The 2 <? <? in the Hewitson collection measure 80 and 

 82 mm. respectively ; these are not so large as many of 

 the specimens which have since been brought home 

 (probably from Sumatra), and are more blunt or rounded 

 at the apex of the wings than the majority of specimens : 

 indeed there appears to be two types of forewing, the one 

 more straight and short at the costa and anterior angle, the 

 other more rounded at the same point ; in the latter the 

 hastate markings often extend nearly to the edge of 

 the posterior margin. 



Articulations of antennae 46 to 58. 



2 . The red collar not so wide in the normal form as in 

 the S — not more than 2-3rds, and of a slightly different 

 form — the black divisional line being rather broader also, 

 and a part of the red of the underside of prothorax appear- 

 ing on each side. The lateral red marks occupy more 

 of the space above and on each side of the legs, the base of 

 the abdomen being nearly the same colour as that of the 

 $ , though, if anything with more brown in it. At the base 

 of the wings is a small blue spot ; and the median, sub- 

 median, and internal nervures are often outlined in vivid 

 blue, as in some examples of the $ . Length of the costa 

 77 (in fig.) ; width of wing 40 mm. ; length of secondaries 

 40, width 32 mm. ; length of abdomen 26 mm. (the original 

 of my figures has lost its antennae) ; of thorax and 

 head 20 mm. ; of 



1st pair — femora 9; tibia 9; tarsi 9 mm. 

 Legs - 2nd ,, ,, 10; ,, 11; ,, 13 mm. 

 (3rd „ ,, 8; ,, 9; ,, 14 mm. 



<? <?. In the collection of Mr. H. Grose-Smith, with the 

 hastate or plumose markings nearly or quite reaching the 

 posterior margin in some specimens. 



2 . With the sub-apical grey-white patch of Primaries 

 very distinct ; still more so on the underside. No blue 

 within the cell from the base or below it. Hab. Borneo. 



General Habitats : — 



$ . Borneo (Sarawak) Wallace ; Saudakan ; Banjerma- 

 sin, coll., Distant; mountains of S. Sumatra $ and S 

 Perak (Kiinstler), coll. of Gosse ; Malacca, (Biggs) in coll. 

 of Distant; Johore, Sumatra, (Snellen): in Leyden 

 Museum. 



The 2 is very difficult to find or to obtain, the propor- 

 tion having been as small as 15 ? 2 to 1000 <? $ . Accord- 

 ing to Distant, (Rhopalocera Malayana, vol. i., p. 330,) 

 Herr Kiinstler collected in Perak in 5 years over 1000 

 S $ and 15 2 2 in 5 years, or an average of 200 S S and 

 3 2 2 per annum! On some days 15 to 20 $ <? were 

 captured, on others none were seen. In the Kinta district 

 they were to be found nearly all the year round, but 

 principally in March, April, May, and June, in showery 

 weather, flying over the muddy streams (coming from the 

 mines) with overhanging jungle. They generally resort 

 to spots where there is decayed animal matter. In 3 

 months he obtained 800 <? <? and no 2 2 ; and during that 

 period he only saw 20 or 30 of the latter flying high, and 



