﻿POMPEOPTERA POMPEUS. 



Papilio Pompeus, Cramer, Pap. Ex. I., t. 25, f. A., t (1775)- 



Esper, Aus. Schmett., t. 24, f. 2, ? . (1785-1798). 

 „ ,. Herbst, Pap., t. 2, f. 3 (1788?). 



1, Astenous, Fabricius, Sys. Ent. iii., i., p. 19, 59 (1793). 

 Papilio Pompeus, Merian, Ins. Surinam, t. 72 (1719) (loc. error). 

 Troide* Astenous, Hubn, Verz. bek. Schmett, p. 88 (1816). 



„ Heliacon, Donovan's Ins. India, t, 18, f. 1 (1800). [Cerberus form ?] 

 Papilio Amphrisius, v. Godart, Enc. Meth. IX., p. 27, n. 7 (1819). 

 Amphrisius Nymphalides, Swainson, Zool. 111. Ins. II., t. 98 (1833). 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus Heliacon, Boisdv. Spec. Gen. Lep., p. 18 (1836). Java and Sumatra. 

 [Boisduval regards pompeus as a synomyn of Heliacon. The two forms pompeus and cerberus are here united.] 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, <? ? , Doubleday and Hewitson's Gen. of Diurn., Lep. I., p. 4, n. 9 (1846). Java. 

 „ „ „ Gray, Cat. Lep. Ins. B. M. I., p. 5, n. 13 (1852). 



„ List Lep. Ins. B. M. I., p. 5, n. 15 (1856). 

 „ „ Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Ins. Mus. East India Company, I. p. 87, n. 177 (1857). 



„ Verh. z. b., Ges. Wien., p. 291, n. 28 (1864). [Gives "Java" as " New Guinea (eadem ? ")] 



„ „ <f ?, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond., p. 756 (1865). Bengal. [This form is Cerber us of Felder.] 



„ Wallace, Trans. Linnasan Soc, V. xxv., n. 9, p. 39 (1865). 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, <T ? , Vollenhoven, Tijdschr. v. Ent. III., p. 71, n. 7 (1866). Padang (Sumatra), Java, and N. Guinea. [The Java example may be Pompeus, but the 



others will probably be Cerberus ; Vollenhoven calls them Heliacon of Felder.] 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, Butler, <? ? , Cat. Diurn. Lep. descr. Fabricius, p. 235, n. 4 (1869). 

 Papilio Pompeus, W. F. Kirby, Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lepid., p. 519 (1871). 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, Distant, Rhop. Malayan*, p. 326 (1871). 

 Ornithoptera Heliconoides, <r ? , Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond., p. 592 (1877). 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, Oberthiir, Etudes d'Entomologie, (Cat. Raisonne de Pap. de la Coll. de Ch. Oberthiir), p. 32 (1879). 

 Ornithoptera Heliconoides, i ? , Wood Mason, Journ. Asiatic Soc, Bengal, p. 252, n. 94 (1881). Andaman Islands. [This is Cerberus.'] 

 Ornithoptera Heliconoides, Staudgr. and Schatz, Exot. Schmett I., p. 5 (1884). 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, 3 ? , De Niceville, Journ. Asiatic Soc, Bengal, p. 373, n. 171 (1866). Cachar. [One 3 taken August 6th at Irangmara, 1 ? on July 2nd at Sildubi, 



1 ? taken on July 28th, at Irangmara. These are Cerberus.] 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, W. F. Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. formed by the late W. C. Hewitson, p. 1 (1879). 

 Ornithoptera Pompeus, ? 3 , Watson, Journal of the Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, p. 26 (1888). Burmah. [Cerberus form.] 

 Dr. F. A. Walker, Oriental Entomology, Part II., p. 13 (1887). 

 „ „ Si, Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc, Lond., p. 422, n. 394 (1888). [The Cerberus form.] 



Ornithoptera Pompeus, Fickert, Ueber die Zeich. der Gatt. Ornithoptera, p. 727, f. 5, Taf. XXI. 3; f. 6, Taf. XXI. ? ; Pupa and larva, figs. 4, 5, Taf. XIX. (1889). 

 3 ? , De Niceville, Journal Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, p. 387, n. 86 (1890). Chin-Lushai. [Cerberus form.] 

 „ „ Watson, Journal Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, p. 387, n. 86 (1890). Lamtok. [Cerberus form.] 



„ „ 3 ? , De Niceville, Gazeteer of Sikkim, p. 170, n. 459 (1894). [Cerberus form ; very common.] 



0. Pompeus, W. F. Kirby, Nature, Vol. 51, p. 254, col. 2. Larva and Pupa, p. 255, col. 1 (1895). 

 Xroides Helena Cerberus, W. Rothschild, Novitates Zoologicae, V. II., p. 219 (1895). 



it .. .• Handbook to the Order Lepidoptera, V. II., p. 264. Larva, p. 264. Pupa, p. 265. (1896.) 



<? . Anterior wings velvety black, slightly graduated to 

 a warm brownish black towards the posterior margin ; the 

 nervures fairly distinct, but the nervules are almost con- 

 cealed by the dense black in a perfectly fresh example, 

 except when viewed obliquely ; the adnervular rays are 

 so much subdued into a warm dark brown as to be seen 

 with difficulty ; the fringe lunules creamy white, and 

 fairly conspicuous. Under surface dark smoky brown, 

 very black from the base, much lighter towards the pos- 

 terior margin ; the adnervular rays, all but those con- 

 nected with the 2nd and 3rd median nervules, very 

 faintly expressed (or almost entirely obsolete) ; the latter 

 are bluish white and prominent ; a short bluish white 

 streak also on the sub-median nervure ; the fringe rays 

 whitish, with 4 hastate discal marks very faintly indicated 

 by greyish atoms nearly parallel to the outer margin, and 

 intersected by the 4 branches of the median vein. The 

 3rd median nervure starts just beyond the cell. 



Posterior wings a rich silky golden-yellow, with a slight 

 greenish tinge, especially towards the base ; base of the 

 wing and subcostal region velvety black, interrupted by 

 the sub-apical yellow portion of the general yellow wing 



area ; 5 sub-marginal black orbicular spots run parallel to 

 the posterior margin, whereof the first, situated between 

 the 1st and 2nd discocellular nervules is large, the next 3 

 below much smaller, and the 5th 2-3rds the size of the 

 1st ; the posterior marginal black border moderately 

 broad and dentate ; the abdominal wing fold and part of 

 the sub-median area velvety black ; the fringe lunules 

 creamy-white, and obscure. [The androconia within 

 the fold are fawn-coloured ; very densely arranged, first 

 in a line along the sub-median wing-fold, and then in 

 several sets of densely-arranged masses on the whole of 

 the rest of the pouch interior ; the first line of these hairs 

 or scales is formed quite after the manner of a feather, 

 with the base of the quill starting from near the base of 

 the wings so that the feather rays are all curved down- 

 wards : at what may be called the hinge of the fold there 

 is a narrow line or canal dividing the remainder of the 

 androconia from the feather-like portion, so as to allow 

 of an easy closing up of the fold : the remaining masses 

 of these peculiar scales have much the appearance of the 

 densely clothed soft short fur of a vertebrate animal, and 

 are arranged much in the same manner ; the middle 

 portion of this mass is depressed, and as the feather-like 



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