﻿88 



Royston-Pigott, " Note on the structure of Butterflies' Scales," English Mechanic, Vol. xL, p. 245 (1884). 

 E. Haase, Ber. 59 Versammlg. Deutsch. Naturforscher u. Aerzte Berlin." XIX. p. 510 (1886). 

 E. Haase, " Bull. Soc. Ital. xxii., pp. 138-143 (i8gi). 



Von. Reichenau, "Journal of the Royal Microscopic Society, hi., p. 938 (1880). 



K. Fiigner, " Entomol. Nachrichten," vi. pp. 166, 7 (1880). 



Dr. Royston-Pigott, " Proc. Royal Soc," Vol. xxxi., pp. 505, 506 (1881). 



Watson, " On the scales of Battledore Butterflies " in The. Monthly Microscopical Journal, Vol. ii., pp. 73, 314. 

 Dr. Maddox, " On the General and Particular Construction of the scales of some of the Lepidoptera," in the same 

 Journal, Vol. v. p. 247. 



Dr. Anthony " On the markings on the Battledore Scales of some of the Lepidoptera," the same work, Vol. vii. 

 pp. 1, 250. 



Dr. Carpenter, " The Microscope and its Revelations," 5th Edition, pp. 692-702 (1875). 



In the microscopic study of these scales it will be advisable to examine them chiefly with eomparatively low powers. 

 With good lighting a i-3rd or a 4-ioths objective will give a lot of information that is trustworthy ; while in the use of 

 the higher powers, the possibility and even certainty of error, increases with every additional increase of attempted 

 definition, even in the hands of the greatest experts, as they themselves will readily acknowledge. 



In the Plates illustrating this subject, I have contented myself with doing little more than drawing the outlines of the 

 various scales belonging to the Ornithoptera — merely indicating in some figs, the nature of the detail. To have given 

 it in full in every case would have needed that the figures should be engraved on steel, to do them justice. My object 

 has been chiefly to give accurate sketches of the forms, without reference to scale. Very many more might have been 

 added, for the amount of variation in form is an unknown quantity. 



THE FIGURES ON PLATE 58. 



Fig. 



1 



2. 

 3- 

 4- 

 5- 

 6. 



7- 



8. 



9- 



10. 

 11. 

 12. 



13- 



14. 



i5- 



15a. 

 16. 



*$> 

 18. 

 19. 

 20. 

 21. 

 22. 



23- 

 24. 



Genus Pompeoptera, from near the base of the anterior wing. 

 ,, ,, S from the same area. 



,, ,, Minos, 3- Basal short hair scale. 



,, iEtheoptera Victorian ? , var. white scale. 



Black scales of $ Ornithopterina. 



Red scales of the same. 



Genus Pompeoptera ? , black scale. 



Genus Schoenbergia. Green scale of $ anterior wing. 



„ „ Yellow scale of $ posterior wing, the striation is very minute, and only on the upper 



surface. 



Pompeoptera Helena, ? , black scale. 



Genus Pompeoptera $ , yellow scale of posterior wing. 



,, ,, $ , yellow scale of posterior wing. 



Sch. Goliath, $ , blue-green or orange-red scale. 



Ornithoptera Obiensis, $ a blue-green scale from the undersurface of the posterior wing. 



Scale of Papilio Machaon, $ . 



O. Obiensis $ , green scale of undersurface. 



Papilio Eurybates, Gray <? ; one of the Ornithopterina, anterior wing, a blue scale. 



Sch. Goliath $ , yellow and green scale. 



Papilio Eurybates $ , red scale. 



Genus Pompeus, black abdominal scale. 



Ornithoptera Aruana, S , green scale. 



,, ,, S , steel-blue scale. 



