EXPLANATION OF THE EXTERNAL ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS OF THE 

 ORNITHOPTERA ON PLATE I. 



Fig. I. Neuration of Wings. 2 . 



A. Primary, Superior, Anterior or Upper Wing.* 



C, or a. m. — The Costa, or anterior margin. 



en. Costal nervure. 



sc. Subcostal nervure. 



sc. n. i, 2, 3, 4, 5. Subcostal nervules. [The median nervure is 

 4-branched in the true Papilionidae, which include all the 

 genera fr om Mesapia to Lepto circus ; but this arrangement 

 is not met with even in its sub-family Pierinae. 



d. 1,2. Discoidal nervules. [The 2nd discoidal nervule should really 

 be considered as the 1st median nervule ; in which case 

 the 1st median n. would be counted as the 2nd, and so 

 forth.] 



m. Median Nervure. 



mn. 1, 2, 3. Median nervules. 



sm. Sub-median nervure. 



i. Internal nervure. 



dc. n., 1, 2, 3. Disco-cellular nervules. 



im. n. Interna -median nervule. 



DC. c. Discoidal cell. 



b. The base of the wing. 



a. or aa. The apex, or anterior angle. 



v. or h.m. — The posterior or hind 



p. or aa. Posterior or anal angle. 



1. or 1. m. Interior or inner margin. 



Ps-n. 1, 2, 3, 4. Pseudoneura. 



Sm. f. or Sm. p. Submedian fold of Pseudoneurus. 



w. f. Wing folds. 



B. Secondary, Posterior, Inferior, or Hing Wings, t 



en. Costal nervure. 



s. c. Subcostal nervure. 



sc. 1, 2. Subcostal nervules. 



dc. n. 1,2. Discocellular nervules. 



m. Median nervure. 



d. Discoidal nervule. 



mn. 1, 2, 3. Median nervules. 



sm. Submedian nervure. 



p. Precostal nervure. 



a. or aa. — Apex or anterior angle. 



c. or a.m. — Costa, or anterior margin. 

 DC. Discoidal cell. 



p. or h. m. Posterior, or hind margin. 

 a.m. or i.m. Abdominal or inner margin. 

 An. a. Anal Angle. 

 AF. Abdominal fold. 



b. Base of wing. 



Ps. n. 1, 2. Pseudoneura. 



Fig. II. The Thorax of the ? . 



ri. Prothorax ; ia. Patagia or Tippets. 



r. 2. Mesothorax. 2a. Tegulce, Pterygodes, or Paraptera ; Vit., green 



longitudinal vitta ; Sc Scutellum. 

 r. 3. Metathorax; pr., the Prcescutum; set., the Scutum; sc, the 



Scutellum. 



Fig. III. The Thorax of the $ . 



r. 2. Mesothorax; Vit., green longitudinal vitta ; sc, the Scutellum. 

 r. 3. pr., the Prascutum ; sc, Scutum ; set., Scutellum. 



Fig. IV. The Abdomen. 5 . 



s. 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (on right-hand side of fig.), segments or annula- 

 lations ; on left-hand side of fig. 1? 2? 3? 4? 5? 6? 7 ? 

 8 ? the same by a questionable notation ; 6 f., segmental 

 fold, or false segment. 



Fig. V. The Abdomen. $. 



s. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, segments or cumulations ; on left-hand side, 

 i?2?3?4?5?6?7?8?9?the same by a doubtful 

 notation. 



av. Anal valve ; ce. caudal or anal extremity. 



Fig. VI. av. Anal valves of the $ magnified. 



Fig. VII. Caudal extremity of the 2 magnified. 



Fig. VIII. The abdomen of the <y : lateral view, with the annulations num- 

 bered by two notations as above. 



Fig. IX. The abdomen of the $ treated in the same manner; ce., anal ex- 

 tremity, and t., anal tuft. 



Fig. X. The Head, $ ; e., the eye; ant., antenna; l.p., labial palpi. 



Fig. XI. The head, $, lateral view; ant., antenna; l.p., labial palpi; 

 e., the eye, with posterior light margin. 



Fig. XII. Front view of head of the ? . 



Fig. XIII. The Haustellum, Antlia, or Spiritrompe, of the $ . 



ba. Folded, ba.i. Unfolded, ba.2. Magnified section (when closed). 



Fig. XIV. Labial palpus of $ greatly magnified. 



Fig. XV. a. Prothoracic section of thorax (<?) lateral extension ; a.i., shew- 

 ing the groove in which the femur of the anterior leg rests; 

 a. 2., dorsal extension of prothorax [synonymous with the collar 

 [see fig. 2. ri.] ) Fig. 15. b., mesothoracic section ; b.i., groove 

 in which the femur of the 2nd pair of legs rests ; B.2., spiracle, or 

 breathing organ, generally covered with a scarlet tuft of hairs ; 

 B.3., dorsal portion of metathoracic ; B.4., veins of anterior wing. 

 Fig. 15. c. Mesothoracic section; a., groove for femur ; c.2., 

 base of wing ; c.3., outline with veins of posterior wing. 



Fig. XVI. The Legs. «?. 



x. 1st or Prothoracic leg. a. The coxa; b. Trochanter ; c. Femur; 



d. Tibia; e. Spur on tibia (only found on 1st pair of legs) ; 



f. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Tarsi ; g. Ungues or claws. 

 xx. 2nd. or Mesothoracic leg. [Sections numbered in same manner.] 

 xxx. 3rd or Metathoracic leg. [Sections numbered in same manner.] 



Each fig. shows the attachment of the leg to its respective 



Thoracic section, 

 xxxxa. A greatly magnified figure of tarsi, f. 4, f. 5, with front view of 



ungues or claws (g). xxxxb. Lateral view of ungues (g). 



Fig. XVII. teg. u. s. Underside of the Tegula or Paraptera of the $ . 



* There are 19 veins on this wing : viz., 5 nervures, and 14 nervules or branches 

 of these. 



t There are 13 veins on this wing, viz., 5 nervures, and 8 nervules or branches of 

 these. 



Vol. I. 



