Genus SCHOENBERGIA. 



Ornithopthera, Pagenstecher, Beitrage 2 



r Lepidopteren : Fauna des Malayischen Archipels. Jahr-biichen der Nassauischen Vei 

 Schoenbergia (Sub-genus), Pagenstecher, in the same paper. 



3 fiir Naturkunde, 1893, p. S3. 



3 . Primaries subtriangular, or perhaps almost quad- 

 rilateral, —the base being the shortest side, though much 

 larger than in Ornithoptera or the other genera : a fairly 

 close definition of its form would be sub-scalene-triangular. 

 Costa only moderately arcuate ; hind posterior margin 

 somewhat irregularly curved, with a small convexity at 

 the middle where the 1st and 2nd median nervules ter- 

 minate, then curving slightly inwards between the ter- 

 minals of the 3rd median and submedian nervules ; the 

 anterior margin nearly straight ; with no stigmatic brand, 

 as in Ornithoptera and ^Etheoptera. Secondaries 

 smaller in proportion than the primaries ; costa sufficiently 

 arcuate, and only a little more than half the length of the 

 interior margin of the primaries ; the posterior margin ex- 

 tends nearly in a straight line till it reaches the caudal pro- 

 longation or tail of the wing, which curves outwardly, 

 and is very narrow, finally terminating with a fine point ; 

 the tail is nearly as long as the rest of the posterior 

 margin. 



The neuration of the posterior wings differs in 

 important respects from that of other genera ; the costal 

 nervure is normal ; the discoidal cell, which is enclosed 

 by the subcostal nervure, discocellular nervules, and 

 median nervure (which generally may be said to have 7 

 divisions, not including the basal portion from which the 

 costal and subcostal branch off) has in this species only 

 6 ; the 1st median nervule, about 2 mms. from its starting 

 point, separates into two branches, thereby uniting as its 

 branch the 2nd median nervule ; the 3rd median nervule 

 runs down to the end of the caudal prolongation or tail ; 

 the submedian vein is fairly normal ; the branches of the 

 costal and median veins are very short by comparison, all 

 these arrangements being obviously for the purpose of 

 strengthening the wing ; the discoidal cell of each wing is 

 broad, that of the anterior wing being slightly the widest ; 

 the posterior wing cell is not much less than 5-7ths of the 

 whole length from the base to the posterior margin ; 

 to a median line, which nearly equally divides the 

 abdominal margin, is attached a dense row of creamy 

 white long hairs, which in a state of rest would almost 

 entirely envelop the lateral and subdorsal parts of the 

 abdomen. The pseudoneura of the anterior wings are 

 sufficiently distinct, especially the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th, all 

 of which run fairly parallel, and branch off all of them 

 from the basal stem at short distances, one above 

 another, the 1st terminating where the 2nd subcostal 

 branch begins, the 2nd at the base of the 1st discoidal, 

 the 3rd midway of the 2nd discoidal and the 1st median 

 branches, and the 4th nearly midway of the 1st and 2nd 

 median branches ; a dark pseudoneurus or fold runs about 

 midway of the 3rd median branch and the submedian 

 nervure ; only very faint traces can be seen of the 

 pseudoneura in the cell of the secondary wings : they are 

 2 in number apparently, the 1st united with the 2nd at 

 the base curves outward along the middle of the cell, the 

 1st and shortest curves inwardly. 



Head : eyes prominent, very uniform, with very 

 white lunules ; palpi very short, hidden by a very 



short villose tuft; haustellum only moderately long; 

 antennas long and not very robust, about half the 

 the length of the costa of the upper wing ; thorax with no 

 red collar ; the usual longitudinal green median striga of 

 Ornithoptera in this genus replaced by a mark that is 

 very broad at its base, and narrow at its apex, hastate 

 in form, with a black excised basal posterior, giving it the 

 character of a golden green corset ; the sternum with a 

 small red patch between the 3rd and 2nd pairs of legs 

 near the base of wing; abdomen beautifully curved on 

 each side, and becoming broader till it reaches the pen- 

 ultimate segment which is broadest, from which the anal 

 valvular segment curves again to a nearly obtuse point; a 

 pale grey divided dorsal stripe extend from the 2nd to the 

 6th segments, broad at the top, narrow at the bottom, 

 with 5 lateral black dots. 



Legs only moderately robust, the femora pale golden 

 yellow, with dark front margins. Some of the nervules of 

 the lower wings have a tendency to wrinkle, and throw off 

 fold branchlets as if passing through a disturbing area : 

 this may or may not be accidental. 



2 . Anterior wings rather larger and longer in propor- 

 tion than the posterior ; costa of anterior wing more 

 arcuate than in the 3 ; posterior margin curved out- 

 wardly from the anterior angles, then distinctly concave 

 from the terminals of the 1st discoidal to the 2nd median 

 nervules ; the interior margin more strongly curved ; the 

 veins all fairly prominent above and below the wings. 

 Posterior wings nearly straight along the costa, and curved 

 at the anterior angle; posterior margin only slightly 

 lunate between the veinlets, with white marginal fringe 

 lunules ; interior margin with a fairly normal curvature. 

 The pseudoneura in the cell of the anterior wings arranged in 

 the same way as in the true Ornithoptera — the 2nd disco- 

 cellular nervules being more than usually distorted by 

 the fold which runs to the hind margin and particu- 

 larly within the cell. The whole appearance of the wings 

 differs undefinably from those of the genus Ornithoptera, 

 though suggesting that genus strongly. 



Head : eyes prominent, labial palpi very short, and 

 hidden by a very short villose tuft ; antennae nearly 2-3ds 

 shorter than the costal length, and only moderately robust. 



Thorax robust with a large portion of the sternum clothed 

 with crimson scarlet, the legs having their femora 

 pale yellow, edged outwardly with black. Abdomen 

 broad, and broadest at the penultimate segment. 



3 . The characteristic exceptions in S. tithonus, of de 

 Haan, on the upper wings are that they are not so large 

 proportionately with the lower wings, that the interior 

 margin is not quite so straight a line, or so short relatively 

 to the costa of the lower wing, that the outline of the 

 exterior margin is somewhat concave instead of convex 

 in the middle, that the median vein branches of the 

 lower wings are not so short, and are normal in arrange- 

 ment, and that there is no caudal prolongation to the 



